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And he prayed over him. It is also said: he placed him among the slain of his household (peace be upon them) (1).
وصلى عليه ، ويقال : وضعه مع قتلى أهل بيته ( عليهم السلام ) (1) .
How excellent are the words of Sheikh Muhammad Rida al-Khuza'i, may mercy be upon him, when he says:
ولله درّ الشيخ محمد رضا الخزاعي عليه الرحمة إذ يقول :
Had you seen him carrying his child,
you would have seen a full moon bearing a star.
Dyed in the streaming flow from his veins,
the arrow of death clothed him in a garment.
You would think the arrow in his throat
a necklace adorning his neck with gold.
When Layla gazed upon him, she came
calling out with a voice that splits the very rocks.
She says: Abdullah—what was his sin?
A nursling who returned with the arrow of death.
I had hoped he would be my comfort,
but the foes dashed all that I had hoped.
They did not grant him a drink, for they made
the gushing of his two veins his only watering place.
I would ransom that thirsty nursling,
with my very soul, were he but allowed to be ransomed (2).
وَلَوْ تَرَاهُ حَامِلا طِفْلَهُ
رَأَيْتَ بدراً يَحْمِلُ الْفَرْقَدا
مُخَضَّباً مِنْ فَيْضِ أَوْدَاجِهِ
أَلْبَسَهُ سَهْمُ الرَّدَى مِجْسَدَا
تَحْسَبُ أنَّ السَّهْمَ في نَحْرِهِ
طَوْقٌ يُحَلِّي جِيْدَه عَسْجَدا
وَمُذْ رَنَت لَيْلَى إليه غَدَتْ
تدعو بصوت يَصْدَعُ الْجَلْمَدَا
تقولُ عَبْدُ اللهِ مَا ذَنْبُهُ
مُنْفَطِماً آبَ بِسَهْمِ الرَّدَى
قد كنتُ أرجو فيه لي سلوةً
فَخَيَّبوا ما كنتُ أَرْجُو العِدَى
لَمْ يَمْنَحُوه الْوِرْدَ إِذْ صَيَّروا
فَيْضَ وَرِيْدَيْهِ لَهُ مَوْرِدا
أَفْدِيهِ مِنْ مُرْتَضِع ظامياً
بِمُهْجَتي لو أَنَّهُ يُفْتَدَى (2)
The Seventh Gathering of the Day of Ashura
The Counsels of Imam Hussein (peace be upon him) to His Son
Imam Zayn al-Abidin (peace be upon him) and His Farewell to the Women
Al-Saffar, may mercy be upon him, narrated in Basa'ir al-Darajat: on the authority of Abu al-Jarud, who said: I heard Abu Ja'far (peace be upon him) say: When that which befell al-Hussein (peace be upon him) drew near, he called his eldest daughter Fatima and handed to her a folded book, an open testament and a hidden testament. In another narration: Ali ibn al-Hussein was suffering from a stomach ailment, and they did not expect him to survive (3). He said: O my daughter! Place this with the greatest of my children.
روى الصفار عليه الرحمة في بصائر الدرجات : عن أبي الجارود ، قال : سمعت أبا جعفر ( عليه السلام ) يقول : لمّا حضر الحسين ( عليه السلام ) ما حضر دعا ابنته الكبرى فاطمة بنته ، فدفع إليها كتاباً ملفوفاً ووصيّة ظاهرة ووصية باطنة ، وفي رواية : وكان علي بن الحسين مبطوناً لا يرون إلاَّ لما به
(3) ، فقال : يا بنتي! ضعي هذا في أكابر ولدي.
1 ـ مقتل الحسين ( عليه السلام ) ، المقرم : 273.
2 ـ رياض المدح والرثاء ، الشيخ حسين القديحي : 502.
3 ـ وفي إعلام الورى ، الطبرسي : 1/483 : وكان علي بن الحسين ( عليهما السلام ) مريضاً لا يرون أنه يبقى بعده.
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When Ali ibn al-Hussein (peace be upon him) returned, she handed it to him, and it is with us. I asked: What is that book? He (peace be upon him) said: It contains all that the children of Adam have needed since the world began until it perishes (1).
فلمّا رجع علي بن الحسين ( عليه السلام ) دفعته إليه ، وهو عندنا ، قلت : ما ذاك الكتاب ؟ قال ( عليه السلام ) : ما يحتاج إليه ولد آدم منذ كانت الدنيا حتى تفنى (1) .
And it was narrated on the authority of al-Fudayl ibn Yasar, who said: Abu Ja'far (peace be upon him) said to me: When al-Hussein (peace be upon him) set out for Iraq, he handed to Umm Salama, the wife of the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family), the testament, the books, and other things, and said to her: When the eldest of my children comes to you, hand him what I have given you. So when al-Hussein (peace be upon him) was killed, Ali ibn al-Hussein came to Umm Salama, and she handed him everything that al-Hussein (peace be upon him) had given her (2).
وروي عن الفضيل بن يسار ، قال : قال لي أبو جعفر ( عليه السلام ) : لمَّا توجَّه الحسين ( عليه السلام ) إلى العراق ، دفع إلى أمِّ سلمة زوج النبيِّ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) الوصيّة والكتب وغير ذلك ، وقال لها : إذا أتاك أكبر ولدي فادفعي إليه ما دفعت إليكِ ، فلمَّا قُتل الحسين ( عليه السلام ) أتى عليُّ بن الحسين أمَّ سلمة فدفعت إليه كلَ شيء أعطاها الحسين ( عليه السلام ) (2) .
The scholars of hadith narrated: that al-Hussein (peace be upon him) made his bequest to his son Ali ibn al-Hussein (peace be upon them), and delivered to him the Greatest Name, the inheritances of the prophets, and explicitly designated him for the Imamate after him. In another tradition: that al-Hussein (peace be upon him), at the time of his battle at Karbala, summoned Ali ibn al-Hussein (peace be upon them), who was ill, and made his bequest to him concerning the Greatest Name and the inheritances of the prophets (peace be upon them), and informed him that he had handed the sciences, the scriptures, and the weapons to Umm Salama, and had ordered her to deliver all of that to him (3).
وروى أصحاب الحديث : أن الحسين ( عليه السلام ) أوصى إلى ابنه علي بن الحسين ( عليهما السلام ) ، وسلَّم إليه الاسم الأعظم ، ومواريث الأنبياء ، ونصَّ عليه بالإمامة من بعده ، وفي حديث آخر : أن الحسين ( عليه السلام ) في وقت قتاله بكربلاء أحضر علي بن الحسين ( عليهما السلام ) ، وكان عليلا ، فأوصى إليه بالاسم الأعظم ، ومواريث الأنبياء ( عليهم السلام ) ، وعرَّفه أنه قد دفع العلوم والمصاحف والسلاح إلى أمِّ سلمة ، وأمرها أن تدفع جميع ذلك إليه (3) .
And al-Rawandi, may mercy be upon him, narrated: on the authority of Zayn al-Abidin (peace be upon him), who said: My father (peace be upon him) clasped me to his chest on the day he was killed, while the blood was flowing, and he was saying: O my son! Preserve from me a supplication that Fatima, may God's blessings be upon her, taught me—and the Messenger of God (peace be upon him and his family) taught it to her, and Gabriel taught it to him—for times of need, of importance, of grief, when calamity descends, and for the great and crushing affair. He said: Supplicate: By the truth of Ya-Sin and the Wise Qur'an, and by the truth of Ta-Ha and the Mighty Qur'an, O You who are able to fulfill the needs of those who ask, O You who knows what is in the conscience, O Reliever of the distressed, O Dispeller of grief from the sorrowful, O Most Merciful
وروى الراوندي عليه الرحمة : عن زين العابدين ( عليه السلام ) ، قال : ضمَّني والدي ( عليه السلام ) إلى صدره يوم قُتل والدماء تغلي ، وهو يقول : يا بنيَّ! احفظ عنّي دعاء علَّمتنيه فاطمة صلوات الله عليها ، وعلَّمها رسول الله ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) ، وعلَّمه جبرئيل في الحاجة والمهمِّ والغمِّ ، والنازلة إذا نزلت ، والأمر العظيم الفادح ، قال ادع : بحقِّ يس والقرآن الحكيم ، وبحقِّ طه والقرآن العظيم ، يا من يقدر على حوائج السائلين ، يا من يعلم ما في الضمير ، يا منفِّس عن المكروبين ، يا مفرِّج عن المغمومين ، يا راحم
1 ـ بصائر الدرجات ، الصفار : 184 ح 6 ، و168 ح 9.
2 ـ الغيبة ، الطوسي : 195 ـ 196 ح 159.
3 ـ إثبات الهداة ، الحر العاملي : 5 ح 9.
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to the elderly, O Provider for the small infant, O You who has no need of explanation, send blessings upon Muhammad and the family of Muhammad, and do for me such and such (1).
الشيخ الكبير ، يا رازق الطفل الصغير ، يا من لا يحتاج إلى التفسير ، صلِّ على محمد وآل محمد ، وافعل بي كذا وكذا (1) .
And al-Kulayni, may mercy be upon him, narrated on the authority of Abu Hamza, who said: Abu Ja'far (peace be upon him) said: When death came to my father Ali ibn al-Hussein (peace be upon them), he clasped me to his chest and said: O my son! I counsel you with that which my father counseled me when death came to him. Among what he mentioned that his father had counseled him: O my son! Be patient with the truth, even if it is bitter (2). And in another narration he (peace be upon him) said: He said: O my son! Beware of wronging the one who finds no helper against you except God (3).
وروى الكليني عليه الرحمة عن أبي حمزة ، قال : قال أبو جعفر ( عليه السلام ) : لمَّا حضرت أبي علي بن الحسين ( عليهما السلام ) الوفاة ، ضمَّني إلى صدره وقال : يا بنيَّ! أوصيك بما أوصاني به أبي حين حضرته الوفاة ، وممَّا ذكر أن أباه أوصاه به : يا بنيَّ! اصبر على الحقِّ وإن كان مرّاً (2) وفي رواية أخرى أيضاً قال ( عليه السلام ) : قال : يا بنيّ! إيّاك وظلم من لا يجد عليك ناصراً إلاّ الله (3) .
And on the authority of Muhammad ibn Muslim, who said: I asked al-Sadiq Ja'far ibn Muhammad (peace be upon them) about the ring of al-Hussein ibn Ali (peace be upon them): to whom did it pass? And I mentioned to him that I had heard it was taken from his finger among the things that were seized. He (peace be upon him) said: It is not as they said! Indeed al-Hussein (peace be upon him) made his bequest to his son Ali ibn al-Hussein (peace be upon them), placed his ring on his finger, and entrusted his affair to him, just as the Messenger of God (peace be upon him and his family) did with the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him), and the Commander of the Faithful did with al-Hassan, and al-Hassan did with al-Hussein (peace be upon them). Then that ring passed to my father (peace be upon him) after his father, and from him it passed to me. It is now with me, and I wear it every Friday and pray with it on. Muhammad ibn Muslim said: So I came in to him on a Friday while he was praying, and when he finished the prayer he stretched out his hand to me, and I saw a ring whose inscription was: "There is no god but God, a provision for meeting God." He said: This is the ring of my grandfather Abu Abdullah al-Hussein ibn Ali (peace be upon him) (4).
وعن محمد بن مسلم ، قال : سألت الصادق جعفر بن محمد ( عليهما السلام ) عن خاتم الحسين بن علي ( عليهما السلام ) إلى من صار ؟ وذكرت له أنّي سمعت أنّه أُخذ من إصبعه فيما أُخذ. قال ( عليه السلام ) : ليس كما قالوا ! إنّ الحسين ( عليه السلام ) أوصى إلى ابنه علي بن الحسين ( عليهما السلام ) ، وجعل خاتمه في إصبعه ، وفوَّض إليه أمره ، كما فعله رسول الله ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) بأمير المؤمنين ( عليه السلام ) ، وفعله أمير المؤمنين بالحسن ، وفعله الحسن بالحسين ( عليهم السلام ) ، ثمَّ صار ذلك الخاتم إلى أبي ( عليه السلام ) بعد أبيه ، ومنه صار إليَّ ، فهو عندي ، وإنّي لألبسه كل جمعة وأصلّي فيه ، قال محمد بن مسلم : فدخلت إليه يوم الجمعة وهو يصلي ، فلمَّا فرغ من الصلاة مدَّ إليَّ يده فرأيت خاتماً نقشه ( لا إله إلاَّ الله عدّة للقاء الله ) فقال : هذا خاتم جدّي أبي عبدالله الحسين بن علي ( عليه السلام ) (4) .
And it came in the book al-Dam'a al-Sakiba, in some of the narrations: When the matter grew dire for al-Hussein (peace be upon him), and he was left alone and isolated, he turned toward the tents of his father's household and found them empty of them. Then he turned toward the tents of the sons of Aqil and found them empty of them. Then he turned toward the tents of his companions and did not see
وجاء في كتاب الدمعة الساكبة في بعض الروايات : لمَّا ضاق الأمر بالحسين ( عليه السلام ) وقد بقي وحيداً فريداً ، التفت إلى خيم بني أبيه فرآها خاليةً منهم ، ثمَّ التفت إلى خيم بني عقيل فوجدها خاليةً منهم ، ثمَّ التفت إلى خيم أصحابه فلم ير
1 ـ مهج الدعوات ، الراوندي : 54 ح 137.
2 ـ الكافي الكليني : 2/91 ح 13.
3 ـ الكافي الكليني : 2/331 ح 5.
4 ـ الأمالي ، الصدوق : 207 ـ 208 ح 13.
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any of them. So he began to repeat much: There is no power and no strength except in God, the Most High, the Most Great.
أحداً منهم ، فجعل يُكثر من قول : لا حول ولا قوَّة إلاَّ بالله العلي العظيم.
Then he went to the tents of the women, and came to the tent of his son Zayn al-Abidin (peace be upon him), and found him cast down upon a leather mat. He entered upon him, with Zainab nursing him. When Ali ibn al-Hussein (peace be upon them) looked at him, he wanted to rise but could not due to the severity of his illness. So he said to his aunt: Support me against your chest, for this is the son of the Messenger of God (peace be upon him and his family) who has come. So Zainab sat behind him and supported him against her chest. Al-Hussein (peace be upon him) began to ask his son about his illness, while he was praising God Almighty. Then he said: O father! What did you do today with these hypocrites? Al-Hussein (peace be upon him) said to him: O my son! Satan has overcome them and made them forget the remembrance of God, and the war has flared between us and them—may God curse them—until the earth has overflowed with blood, from us and from them.
ثمّ ذهب إلى خيم النساء ، فجاء إلى خيمة ولده زين العابدين ( عليه السلام ) فرآه ملقى على نطع من الأديم ، فدخل عليه وعنده زينب تمرِّضه ، فلمَّا نظر إليه علي بن الحسين ( عليهما السلام ) أراد النهوض فلم يتمكَّن من شدة المرض ، فقال لعمَّته : سنِّديني إلى صدرك فهذا ابن رسول الله ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) قد أقبل ، فجلست زينب خلفه وأسندته إلى صدرها ، فجعل الحسين ( عليه السلام ) يسأل ولده عن مرضه ، وهو يحمد الله تعالى ، ثمَّ قال : يا أبتاه! ما صنعت اليوم مع هؤلاء المنافقين ؟ فقال له الحسين ( عليه السلام ) : يا ولدي! قد استحوذ عليهم الشيطان فأنساهم ذكر الله ، وقد شبَّ الحرب بيننا وبينهم ـ لعنهم الله ـ حتى فاضت الأرض بالدم منّا ومنهم.
Ali (peace be upon him) said: O father! Where is my uncle al-Abbas? When he asked about his uncle, Zainab choked back her tears, and began watching her brother to see how he would answer him, because he had not told him of the martyrdom of his uncle al-Abbas, out of fear that his illness would worsen.
فقال علي ( عليه السلام ) : يا أبتاه! أين عمّي العباس ؟ فلمَّا سأل عن عمِّه اختنقت زينب بعبرتها ، وجعلت تنظر إلى أخيها كيف يجيبه; لأنه لم يخبره بشهادة عمِّه العباس خوفاً من أن يشتدَّ مرضُه.
He (peace be upon him) said: O my son, your uncle has been killed, and they severed his two hands on the bank of the Euphrates. Ali ibn al-Hussein (peace be upon him) wept bitterly until he fainted. When he recovered from his faint, he began asking about each of his uncles, and al-Hussein (peace be upon him) would say to him: He has been killed. He said: And where is my brother Ali, and Habib ibn Mudhahir, and Muslim ibn Awsaja, and Zuhayr ibn al-Qayn? He said to him: O my son, know that there is no living man in the tents except you and me, and as for those you ask about, they all lie fallen upon the face of the earth.
فقال ( عليه السلام ) : يا بني! إنَّ عمَّك قد قُتل ، وقطعوا يديه على شاطىء الفرات ، فبكى علي بن الحسين ( عليه السلام ) بكاء شديداً حتى غشي عليه ، فلمَّا أفاق من غشيته جعل يسأل عن كل واحد من عمومته والحسين ( عليه السلام ) يقول له : قُتل. فقال : وأين أخي علي ، وحبيب بن مظاهر ، ومسلم بن عوسجة ، وزهير بن القين ؟ فقال له : يا بنيّ! اعلم أنه ليس في الخيام رجل حيٌّ إلاَّ أنا وأنت ، وأمّا هؤلاء الذين تسأل عنهم فكلُّهم صرعى على وجه الثرى.
Ali ibn al-Hussein (peace be upon him) wept bitterly, then said to his aunt Zainab: O aunt! Bring me the sword and the staff. His father said to him: What will you do with them? He said: As for the staff, I will lean upon it, and as for the sword, I will fend off the enemy before the son of the Messenger of God (peace be upon him and his family), for there is no good in life after him. But al-Hussein prevented him from that, and clasped him to his chest, and said to him: O my son! You are the purest of my offspring,
فبكى علي بن الحسين ( عليه السلام ) بكاءً شديداً ، ثمَّ قال لعمَّته زينب : يا عمّتاه! عليَّ بالسيف والعصا ، فقال له أبوه : وما تصنع بهما ؟ فقال : أمَّا العصا فأتوكَّأ عليها ، وأمَّا السيف فأذبُّ به بين يدي ابن رسول الله ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) ، فإنّه لا خير في الحياة بعده ، فمنعه الحسين من ذلك ، وضمَّه إلى صدره ، وقال له : يا ولدي! أنت أطيب ذرّيّتي ،
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and the best of my lineage, and you are my successor over these women and children, for they are strangers, forsaken, overwhelmed by humiliation and orphanhood, the gloating of enemies and the calamities of time. Quiet them when they cry out, comfort them when they are frightened, and console them with gentle words, for among their men none remains for them to find comfort in except you, and there is no one with them to whom they may complain of their grief except you. Let them inhale your scent and you inhale theirs, and let them weep over you and you weep over them.
وأفضل عترتي ، وأنت خليفتي على هؤلاء العيال والأطفال ، فإنهم غرباء مخذولون ، قد شملتهم الذلّة واليتم شماتة الأعداء ونوائب الزمان ، سكِّتهم إذا صرخوا ، وآنسهم إذا استوحشوا ، وسلِّ خواطرهم بليِّن الكلام ، فإنّهم ما بقي من رجالهم من يستأنسون به غيرك ، ولا أحد عندهم يشكون إليه حزنهم سواك ، دعهم يشمّوك وتشمّهم ، ويبكوا عليك وتبكي عليهم.
Then he took him by the hand, and called out at the top of his voice: O Zainab! O Umm Kulthum! O Sakina! O Ruqayya! O Fatima! Hear my words, and know that this son of mine is my successor over you, and he is an Imam whose obedience is obligatory. Then he said to him: O my son! Convey my greetings to my followers, and say to them: My father died a stranger, so mourn him, and he passed as a martyr, so weep for him (1).
ثمَّ لزمه بيده ، وصاح بأعلى صوته : يا زينب! ويا أمَّ كلثوم! ويا سكينة! ويا رقيّة! ويا فاطمة! اسمعن كلامي ، واعلمن أنّ ابني هذا خليفتي عليكم ، وهو إمامٌ مفترضُ الطاعة ، ثمَّ قال له : يا ولدي! بلِّغ شيعتي عنّي السلام فقل لهم : إنّ أبي مات غريباً فاندبوه ، ومضى شهيداً فابكوه (1) .
My followers, whenever you drink sweet water, remember me,
or whenever you hear of a stranger or a martyr, mourn me.
For I am the grandson whom they killed without crime,
and with the hooves of horses, after the killing, they deliberately trampled me.
Would that on the day of Ashura you could all behold me,
how I sought water for my child, yet they refused to have mercy on me (2).
شيعتي مهما شربتم عذبَ ماء فاذكروني
أو سمعتم بغريب أو شهيد فاندبوني
فأنا السبط الذي من غير جرم قتلوني
وبجرد الخيلِ بعد القتل عمداً سحقوني
ليتكم في يوم عاشورا جميعاً تنظروني
كيف استسقي لطفلي فأبوا أن يرحموني (2)
And it came in Bihar al-Anwar: Then al-Hussein (peace be upon him) turned to his right and saw none of the men, and turned to his left and saw none. So Ali ibn al-Hussein Zayn al-Abidin (peace be upon them) came out, and he was ill, unable even to lift his sword. Umm Kulthum was calling out behind him: O my son! Come back! He said: O aunt! Let me fight before the son of the Messenger of God. Al-Hussein (peace be upon him) said: O Umm Kulthum! Take him, lest the earth be left empty of the offspring of the family of Muhammad (peace be upon him and his family) (3).
وجاء في بحار الأنوار : ثمَّ التفت الحسين ( عليه السلام ) عن يمينه فلم ير أحداً من الرجال ، والتفت عن يساره فلم ير أحداً ، فخرج علي بن الحسين زين العابدين ( عليهما السلام ) ، وكان مريضاً لا يقدر أن يُقِلَّ سيفَه ، وأمُّ كلثوم تنادي خلفَه : يا بُنيَّ! ارجع ، فقال : يا عمَّتاه! ذريني أقاتل بين يدي ابن رسول الله ، فقال الحسين ( عليه السلام ) : يا أمَّ كلثوم! خذيه لئلا تبقى الأرض خالية من نسل آل محمد ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) (3) .
1 ـ الدمعة الساكبة : 4/351.
2 ـ مثير الأحزان ، الجواهري : 93.
3 ـ بحار الأنوار ، المجلسي : 45/46.
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How excellent are the words of Sheikh Sa'id al-Usayli when he says:
ولله درُّ الشيخ سعيد العسيلي إذ يقول :
A lofty zeal stirred within the Hashemite,
a zeal that time itself chanted as a hymn.
He was the ailing one, seized by a malady
that left him bound, a captive in the bed.
How great is Zayn al-Abidin, whose fear
of his Lord filled the plains with prostration.
He left his bed, leaning upon his staff,
while his hand dragged a sharp Indian blade,
for carrying the sword overcame a palm
that held all nobility, glory, and generosity.
His father saw him and cried out in anguish,
like a fire that added fuel to his ribs:
Turn him back, O sister, from the field of death,
so I may not see him lost to life.
For by that the lineage of Muhammad's family would perish,
and the religion would become lost and homeless.
His aunt turned him back, while in her eyes
were tears that wounded eyelids and cheeks (1).
وَتَحَرَّكَتْ بالهاشميِّ حَمَاسَةٌ
شَمَّاءُ أَنْشَدَها الزمانُ نشيدا
وهو العليلُ تَنَاهَبَتْهُ عِلَّةٌ
تَرَكَتْهُ في حِضْنِ الفِرَاشِ قَعيدا
لله زَيْنُ العابدينَ وَخَوْفُهُ
مِنْ رَبِّهِ مَلأَ السُّهُولَ سُجُودَا
تَرَكَ الْفِرَاشَ عَلَى الْعَصَا مُتَوَكِّئاً
وَالكَفُّ جَرَّتْ صارماً مهنودا
إِذْ كَانَ حَمْلُ السيفِ يُعْجِزُ رَاحَةً
حَوَتِ المَكَارِمَ وَالْعُلَى وَالجُودا
وَرَآهُ وَالِدُهُ فَصَاحَ بِلَهْفَة
كالنارِ زَادَت جَانِحَيْهِ وَقيدا
رُدّيهِ يَا أُخْتَاهُ عَنْ سَاحِ الرَّدَى
كي لا أراه مِنَ الحياةِ فقيدا
وَبِذَاكَ يَفْنَى نَسْلُ آلِ محمَّد
والدينُ يُصْبِحُ تَائِهاً وَشَريدا
رَدَّتْهُ عَمَّتُهُ وفي أَجْفَانِها
دَمْعٌ يُجَرِّحُ مُقْلَةً وَخُدُودَا (1)
And it came in Thamarat al-A'wad: It is narrated that when death drew near to Fatima (peace be upon her), she called her daughter Zainab, inhaled her scent at her throat, kissed her upon her chest, and said to her: This is a trust I leave with you. When you see your brother alone and isolated, inhale his scent at his throat and kiss him upon his chest, for his throat is the place of the sword of the son of Dhi al-Jawshan, and his chest is the place of the hooves of the horses of the Banu Umayya. He said: So the celestial Zainab carried out that command.
وجاء في ثمرات الأعواد روي أن فاطمة ( عليها السلام ) لمَّا دنت منها الوفاة دعت ابنتها زينب ، فشمَّتها في نحرها ، وقبَّلتها في صدرها ، وقالت لها : هذه وديعةٌ لي عندك ، فإذا رأيتِ أخاكِ وحيداً فريداً شمّيه في نحره ، وقبِّليه في صدره ، فإنّ نحرَه موضعُ سيف ابن ذي الجوشن ، وإنّ صدرَه موضعُ حوافرِ خيولِ بني أميّة ، قال : فامتثلت الحوراء زينب ذلك.
And when the day of Ashura came, and al-Hussein (peace be upon him) was left alone and isolated, and he wished to bid farewell to the women and go forth to battle, the mother of sorrows (peace be upon her) came to him and said: My brother! Uncover your chest and your throat for me. So al-Hussein (peace be upon him) uncovered his chest for her, and she kissed him upon his chest and inhaled his scent at his throat. Then she turned her face toward Medina, crying out: O mother! The trust has been returned, and the deposit has been taken. Al-Hussein (peace be upon him) marveled at her words and said to her: My sister! What is this deposit? She said: Know, O son of my mother, that when death drew near to our mother Fatima (peace be upon her), she drew me close to her,
ولمَّا كان يوم عاشورا ، وبقي الحسين ( عليه السلام ) وحيداً فريداً ، وأراد أن يودِّع العيال ويمضي إلى القتال ، أقبلت إليه أمُّ المصائب ( عليها السلام ) وقالت له : أخي! اكشف لي عن صدرك وعن نحرك ، فكشف لها الحسين ( عليه السلام ) عن صدره ، فقبَّلته في صدره ، وشمَّته في نحره ، ثمَّ وجَّهت وجهها نحو المدينة صائحةً : يا أمَّاه! قد استُرجعت الوديعة ، وأُخذت الأمانة ، فتعجَّب الحسين ( عليه السلام ) من كلامها ، فقال لها : أخيَّة! وما هي الأمانة ؟ قالت : اعلم يا بن أُم ، لمَّا دنت الوفاة من أمِّنا فاطمة ( عليها السلام ) قرَّبتني إليها ،
1 ـ كربلاء ( ملحمة أدبية ) للشاعر سعيد العسيلي : 517 ـ 518.
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and inhaled my scent at my throat, and kissed me upon my chest, and said to me: O my daughter! This is a trust I leave with you. When you see your brother al-Hussein (peace be upon him) isolated, inhale his scent at his throat and kiss him upon his chest.
وشمَّتني في نحري ، وقبَّلتني في صدري ، وقالت لي : يا بينَّة! هذه وديعةٌ لي عندك فإذا رأيتِ أخاكِ الحسين ( عليه السلام ) فريداً شمِّيه في نحره ، وقبِّليه في صدره.
The narrator said: When he heard the mention of his mother, he (peace be upon him) wept, and a caller was heard crying out between heaven and earth: Alas, O child! Alas, O Hussein! (1).
قال الراوي : فلمَّا سمع بذكر أمِّه بكى ( عليه السلام ) ، وسُمِعَ مناد ينادي بين السماء والأرض : واولداه واحسيناه (1) .
How excellent are the words of Sayyid Haydar al-Hilli, may mercy be upon him, when he says:
ولله درّ السيِّد حيدر الحلي عليه الرحمة إذ يقول :
He assaulted, the most protective of those who guard the noble,
and the bravest of those who lead an army to war.
His supports in the thick of battle were a keen blade—
despite the scarcity of helpers, he multiplied through it.
It stumbled until its edge died in the skulls,
yet its hilt in his hand did not stumble.
As if his brother the sword had been granted his patience,
for it did not leave the fray until it shattered.
سَطَا وهو أَحْمَى مَنْ يَصُونُ كريمةً
وَأَشْجَعُ مَنْ يَقْتَادُ للحربِ عَسْكَرا
فَرَافِدُهُ في حَوْمَةِ الضربِ مُرْهَفٌ
على قِلَّةِ الأنصارِ فيه تَكَثَّرا
تَعَثَّرَ حَتَّى مات في الْهَام حَدُّهُ
وَقَائِمُهُ في كَفِّهِ مَا تَعَثَّرا
كأنَّ أخاه السَّيْفَ أُعْطِي صَبْرَهُ
فَلَمْ يَبْرَحِ الهيجاءَ حَتَّى تكسَّرا
And Sheikh Hassan al-Taruti, may mercy be upon him, said:
وقال الشيخ حسن التاروتي عليه الرحمة :
And al-Hussein the pure remained amid the army of foes,
like the full moon veiled in the depth of darkness.
He strikes with a blade like a shooting star, and they recoil
from his might like sheep that meet a gray wolf.
Forgive them if they turned in flight from a youth
whose father was Haydar the brave champion.
That one fed them bitterness at Badr,
and this one at Karbala made their drink choke them (2).
وَبَقِي الحسينُ الطُّهْرُ في جَيْشِ العِدَى
كالبدرِ في جُنْحِ الظَّلاَم تَحَجَّبَا
يَسْطُو بِعَضْب كالشِّهَابِ فَتَنْثَنِي
مِنْ بَأْسِهِ كالضَّانِ وَافَتْ أَشْهَبَا
عُذْراً إَذَا نَكَصُوا فِرَاراً من فَتَىً
قد كان حيدرةُ الكَمِيُّ لَهُ أَبَا
وهذاكَ أَطْعَمَهُمْ ببدر مُمْقِرَاً
وبكربلا هذا أَغَصَّ الْمَشْرَبَا (2)
The Eighth Gathering of the Day of Ashura
The Slaying of Imam Hussein (peace be upon him)
It is narrated in some of the maqtal accounts: When al-Hussein (peace be upon him) wished to advance to battle, he looked right and left, and called out: Is there anyone who will bring me my steed? Zainab (peace be upon her) heard, and came out
روي في بعض المقاتل : لمَّا أراد الحسين ( عليه السلام ) أن يتقدَّم إلى القتال نظر يميناً وشمالا ، ونادى : ألا هل من يقدِّم لي جوادي ؟ فسمعت زينب ( عليها السلام ) فخرجت
1 ـ ثمرات الأعواد ، السيِّد علي بن الحسين الهاشمي : 1/31 و272.
2 ـ رياض المدح والرثاء ، الشيخ حسين القديحي : 93.
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and took hold of the steed's rein, and came to him saying: To whom do you call? You have wounded my heart. Concerning this, one of the poets says:
وأخذت بعنان الجواد ، وأقبلت إليه وهي تقول : لمن تنادي ؟ وقد قرحت فؤادي ، وفي ذلك يقول بعض الشعراء :
Who will bring me my steed, while my armor lies,
the companions slain, and the helpers few?
So Zainab came to him, leading the steed,
while tears, at the thought of parting, flowed.
She says: You have torn my heart, O my brother,
with grief—would that the mountains would crumble away!
For whom do you call, while the defenders upon the earth
lie slain, and none of them has his thirst quenched?
There remains in the tents, now that their people are gone,
none but bewildered women and an ailing one.
Have you seen a sister who came to her brother,
bringing the steed of death—neither protector nor guardian left?
The tears burst forth from him, and he said: O
sister, be patient, for the affliction is great.
She wept and said: O son of my mother, I have
no beautiful patience left for what befell you.
O light of my eye, O remnant of my soul,
who will guide the lost and stranded women?
And she gazed toward the tents with a great wail,
pouring forth tears as she said:
Rise to the farewell, for my brother has called
for his steed—truly the parting is long.
So the secluded ladies came out, stumbling,
and their wailing rose toward al-Hussein.
By God—what was the state of the ailing one, when he saw
those tears flowing for the farewell? (1)
مَنْ ذا يقدِّمُ لي الجَوَادَ وَلاَمَتِي
وَالصَّحْبُ صَرْعى والنصيرُ قليلُ
فَأَتْتهُ زينبُ بالجَوَادِ تَقُودُهُ
والدَّمْعُ مِنْ ذِكْرِ الْفِرَاقِ يَسِيلُ
وتقولُ قد قَطَّعْتَ قلبي يَا أَخِي
حُزْناً وياليتَ الجبالَ تزولُ
وَلِمَنْ تُنَادي والحُمَاةُ عَلَى الثَّرَى
صَرْعَى وَلاَ مِنْهُمْ يُبَلُّ غَلِيلُ
مَا في الخيامِ وَقدْ تَفَانَى أَهْلُها
إلاَّ نِسَاءٌ وُلَّهٌ وَعليلُ
أَرَأَيْتَ أُخْتاً قد أتت لِشَقِيقِهَا
فَرَسَ الْمَنُونِ وَلاَحِمَىً وكفيلُ
فَتَبَادَرَتْ منه الدُّمُوعُ وَقَالَ يَا
أُخْتَاهُ صبراً فالمصابُ جليلُ
فبكت وقالت يابنَ أُمّي ليس لي
وَعَلَيْكَ ما الصَّبْرُ الجميلُ جميلُ
يَا نُوْرَ عَيْني يَا حُشَاشَةَ مُهْجَتي
مَنْ لِلنِّسَاءِ الضَّائِعَاتِ دليلُ
وَرَنَتْ إلى نَحْوِ الخيامِ بِعَوْلَة
عُظْمَى تَصُبُّ الدَّمْعَ وَهِيَ تقولُ
قُومُوا إِلَى التوديعِ إنَّ أَخِي دَعَا
بِجَوَادِهِ إِنَّ الفِرَاقَ طويلُ
فَخَرَجْنَ رَبَّاتُ الخُدُورِ عَوَاثِراً
وَغَدَا لها نَحْوَ الحسينِ عويلُ
اللهُ مَا حَالُ العليلِ وَقَدْ رَأَى
تلك المَدَامِعَ لِلْوِدَاعِ تسيلُ (1)
Sheikh al-Turayhi, may mercy be upon him, said: Then when al-Hussein (peace be upon him) looked at the seventy-two men of his household lying slain, he turned toward the tent and called out: O Sakina! O Fatima! O Zainab! O Umm Kulthum! Upon you be my peace. Sakina called out to him: O father! Have you surrendered to death? He said: How shall one who has no helper and no supporter not surrender? She said: O father! Return us to the sanctuary of our grandfather. He said: Alas—were the sandgrouse left alone, it would sleep. So the women cried out to one another,
قال الشيخ الطريحي عليه الرحمة : ثمَّ إنّ الحسين ( عليه السلام ) لمَّا نظر إلى اثنين وسبعين رجلا من أهل بيته صرعى ، فالتفت إلى الخيمة ونادى : يا سكينة! يا فاطمة! يا زينب! يا أم كلثوم! عليكنَّ منّي السلام ، فنادته سكينة : يا أبه! استسلمت للموت ؟! فقال : كيف لا يستسلم من لا ناصر له ولا معين ؟! فقالت : يا أبه! ردَّنا إلى حرم جدِّنا ، فقال : هيهات ، لو ترك القطا لنام ، فتصارخن النساء
1 ـ معالي السبطين ، الحائري : 2/27.
(399)
and al-Hussein (peace be upon him) quieted them, and charged upon the people (1).
فسكَّتهنَّ الحسين ( عليه السلام ) ، وحمل على القوم (1) .
And in another narration he (peace be upon him) said: O light of my eye! How shall one who has no helper and no supporter not surrender to death? The mercy of God and His aid will not part from you, neither in this world nor in the Hereafter. So be patient with the decree of God and do not complain, for this world is fleeting and the Hereafter is everlasting (2).
وفي رواية أنه ( عليه السلام ) قال : يا نور عيني! كيف لا يستسلم للموت من لا ناصر له ولا معين ؟! ورحمة الله ونصرته لا تفارقكم في الدنيا ولا في الآخرة ، فاصبري على قضاء الله ولا تشكي ، فإنّ الدنيا فانية ، والآخرة باقية (2) .
And in another narration he (peace be upon him) called out: O Umm Kulthum! O Sakina! O Ruqayya! O Atika! O Zainab! O my household! Upon you be my peace. When they heard, they raised their voices in weeping, so he clasped his daughter Sakina to his chest, kissed her between her eyes, and wiped away her tears—and he loved her dearly. Then he began to quiet her, saying:
وفي رواية أنه نادى ( عليه السلام ) : يا أمَّ كلثوم! ويا سكينة! ويا رقيّة! ويا عاتكة! ويا زينب!! يا أهل بيتي! عليكنَّ منّي السلام ، فلمَّا سمعن رفعن أصواتهن بالبكاء ، فضمَّ بنته سكينة إلى صدره ، وقبَّل ما بين عينيها ، ومسح دموعها ، وكان يحبُّها حبّاً شديداً ، ثم جعل يسكتها ويقول :
Your weeping will be long after me, O Sakina—know it well—
when death has befallen me.
Do not burn my heart with your tears in anguish,
so long as the soul remains within my body.
But when I am slain, then you are most worthy of that
which you would do, O best of women (3).
سيطولُ بَعْدِي يَا سكينةُ فَاعْلَمِي
مِنْكِ الْبُكَاءُ إذَا الحِمَامُ دَهَاني
لاَ تُحْرِقِي قَلْبِي بِدَمْعِكِ حَسْرَةً
مَادَامَ مِنّي الرُّوحُ في جُثَْمانِي
فَإِذَا قُتِلْتُ فَأَنْتِ أَوْلَى بالّذي
تَأْتِيْنَهُ يَا خِيْرَةَ النسوانِ (3)
And in some narrations: Then he (peace be upon him) called for his sister Zainab (peace be upon her) and consoled her, and passed his hand over her chest and calmed her from despair, and mentioned to her the reward that God has prepared for the patient, and the honors God has promised to those drawn near. So she (peace be upon her) was content and said: O son of my mother, be of good cheer and let your eye be comforted, for you will find me as you love and are pleased. And she said by the tongue of her state:
وفي بعض الروايات : ثم دعا ( عليه السلام ) بأخته زينب ( عليها السلام ) وصبرها ، وأمرّ يده على صدرها وسكّنها من الجزع ، وذكر لها ما أعد الله من الثواب للصابرين ما وعدالله من الكرامات للمقربين فرضيت ( عليها السلام ) ، وقالت : يا ابن أمي طب نفساً وقر عيناً فإنّك تجدني كما تحب وترضى ، وقالت بلسان الحال :
I bore a thing more bitter than patience itself;
I shall be patient until patience grows powerless before my patience (4).
صبرت على شيء أمر من الصبر
سأصبر حتى يعجز الصبر عن صبري (4)
One of the narrators said: And al-Hussein (peace be upon him) said: Bring me a garment that none would desire, that I may place it beneath my clothes, so that I will not be stripped bare.
قال بعض الرواة : وقال الحسين ( عليه السلام ) : ابعثوا إليَّ ثوباً لا يُرغب فيه أجعله تحت
1 ـ المنتخب ، الطريحي : 440 ، الدمعة الساكبة : 4/336.
2 ـ ناسخ التواريخ : 2/360 ، أسرار الشهادة ، الدربندي : 423.
3 ـ شرح إحقاق الحق ، المرعشي : 11/633 ، ينابيع المودّة ، القندوزي : 3/79 ، مناقب آل أبي طالب ، ابن شهر آشوب : 3/257.
4 ـ معالي السبطين ، الحائري : 2/26.
(400)
So a pair of undergarments was brought to him, but he said: No, that is the garb of one upon whom humiliation has been decreed. So he (peace be upon him) took a worn-out garment, tore it, and placed it beneath his clothes. When he (peace be upon him) was killed, they stripped it from him.
ثيابي لئلا أُجرَّد ، فأُتي بتبّان ، فقال : لا ، ذاك لباس من ضربت عليه بالذلة فأخذ ( عليه السلام ) ثوباً خَلِقاً فخرَّقه وجعله تحت ثيابه ، فلما قُتل ( عليه السلام ) جرَّدوه منه.
Then al-Hussein (peace be upon him) called for trousers of fine Yemeni cloth, slit them, and put them on. He slit them only so that they would not be plundered. When he (peace be upon him) was killed, Abjar ibn Ka'b plundered them and left him stripped bare. After that, Abjar's hands would dry up in summer as though they were two sticks, and would moisten in winter and ooze blood and pus, until God Almighty destroyed him (1).
ثم استدعى الحسين ( عليه السلام ) بسراويل من حبرة ففزرها ولبسها ، وإنما فزرها لئلا يُسلبها ، فلمَّا قتل ( عليه السلام ) سلبها أبجر بن كعب وتركه مجرَّداً ، فكانت يدا أبجر بعد ذلك ييبسان في الصيف كأنهما عودان ، ويترطَّبان في الشتاء فينضحان دماً وقيحاً إلى أن أهلكه الله تعالى (1) .
Then he (peace be upon him) commanded his family to be silent and bade them farewell. Upon him was a dark fur cloak and a rose-colored turban, from which he let down two ends, and he wrapped himself in the mantle of the Messenger of God (peace be upon him and his family) and girded himself with his sword (2).
ثم إنه ( عليه السلام ) أمر عياله بالسكوت وودعهم ، وكانت عليه جبة خز دكناء ، وعمامة مورَّدة أرخى لها ذوابتين ، والتحف ببردة رسول الله ( صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم ) وتقلد بسيفه (2)
The narrator said: Then al-Hussein (peace be upon him) rose, mounted his horse, and advanced to battle. He (peace be upon him) stood facing the people with his sword drawn in his hand, despairing of life, resolved upon death, saying:
قال الراوي : ثمَّ قام الحسين ( عليه السلام ) وركب فرسه ، وتقدَّم إلى القتال ، ووقف ( عليه السلام ) قبالة القوم وسيفه مصلت في يده ، آيساً من الحياة ، عازماً على الموت ، وهو يقول :
I am the son of Ali the pure, of the family of Hashim;
this suffices me as glory when I boast.
My grandfather is the Messenger of God, the noblest who passed,
and we are the lamp of God, shining among creation.
Fatima is my mother, of the lineage of Ahmad,
and my uncle is called "the one with two wings," Ja'far.
Among us the Book of God was revealed in truth,
and among us is guidance, and the revelation of good is recalled.
We are God's security for all people;
we whisper this among mankind and proclaim it.
We are the masters of the Pool, giving our followers to drink
from the cup of the Messenger of God—a thing not denied.
Our followers are the noblest of followers among the people,
and whoever hates us will be a loser on the Day of Resurrection.
أنا ابنُ عليِّ الطُّهْرِ من آلِ هَاشِم
كَفَاني بهذا مَفْخَراً حين أَفْخَرُ
وَجَدّي رسولُ اللهِ أَكرمُ مَنْ مَضَى
ونحنُ سِرَاجُ اللهِ في الخَلْقِ نَزْهُرُ
وَفَاطِمٌ أمّي من سُلاَلةِ أحمد
وَعَمِّيَ يُدْعَى ذَا الْجَنَاحَيْنِ جَعْفَرُ
وفينا كِتَابُ اللهِ أُنْزِلَ صَادِقاً
وفينا الْهُدَى والْوَحْيُ بالخيرِ يُذْكَرُ
ونحنُ أَمَانُ اللهِ للنَّاسِ كُلِّهِمْ
نُسِرُّ بهذا في الأَنَامِ وَنَجْهَرُ
ونحنُ وُلاَةُ الْحَوْضِ نَسْقِي ولاتَنَا
بِكَأْسِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ما ليس يُنْكَرُ
وَشِيْعَتُنا في الناسِ أَكْرَمُ شِيْعَة
وَمُبْغِضُنا يومَ القيامةِ يَخْسَرُ
Sheikh al-Tabarsi, may mercy be upon him, narrated in al-Ihtijaj that when he (peace be upon him) was left alone—having with him none but his son Ali ibn al-Hussein (peace be upon him) and another son still nursing, named Abdullah—he took the infant
روى الشيخ الطبرسي عليه الرحمة في الاحتجاج أنه لما بقي ( عليه السلام ) فرداً ـ ليس معه إلاّ ابنه علي بن الحسين ( عليه السلام ) ، وابن آخر في الرضاع اسمه عبدالله ـ أخذ الطفل
1 ـ بحار الأنوار ، المجلسي : 45/54.
2 ـ مقتل الحسين ( عليه السلام ) ، المقرم : 271.
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to bid him farewell, when behold, an arrow came and struck the infant in the chest, killing him. So he dismounted from his horse, dug for the infant with the scabbard of his sword, anointed him with his blood, and buried him. Then he leapt up standing, saying... to the end of the verses (1).
ليودِّعه فإذا بسهم قد أقبل حتى وقع في لبَّة الصبيِّ فقتله ، فنزل عن فرسه وحفر للصبيّ بجفن سيفه ، ورَمّلهُ بدمه ودفنه ، ثمَّ وثب قائماً وهو يقول... إلى آخر الأبيات (1) .
Then he (peace be upon him) summoned the people to single combat, and he did not cease slaying every champion among the men who drew near him, until he killed a great number of them.
ثم إنّه ( عليه السلام ) دعا الناس إلى البراز ، فلم يزل يقتل كل من دنا منه من عيون الرجال ، حتى قتل منهم مقتلة عظيمة.
He has from Ali, in wars, a courage,
and from Ahmad, in oratory, eloquent speech.
لَهُ من عليٍّ في الحُرُوبِ شجاعةٌ
ومن أَحْمَد عند الخِطَابةِ قيْلُ
Then he (peace be upon him) charged upon the right wing, saying:
ثمَّ حمل ( عليه السلام ) على الميمنة ، وقال :
Death is better than riding the path of shame,
and shame is better than entering the Fire.
الموتُ خيرٌ من رُكُوبِ العار
والعارُ أولى من دُخُولِ النارِ
Then he charged upon the left wing, saying:
ثم حمل على الميسرة وهو يقول :
I am al-Hussein, son of Ali;
I have vowed that I shall not turn back.
I protect the women of my father,
I go forth upon the religion of the Prophet.
أنا الحُسَينُ بنُ علي
آليتُ أنْ لاَ أَنْثَنِي
أحْمِي عَيَالاَتِ أَبِي
أَمْضِي عَلَى دينِ النبي
Sheikh al-Mufid, the Sayyid, and Ibn Nama, may God have mercy upon them, said: Thirst grew severe upon al-Hussein (peace be upon him), so he rode toward the embankment, seeking the Euphrates, with his brother al-Abbas (peace be upon him) before him. The horsemen of Ibn Sa'd intercepted him, and a man from the Banu Darim shot al-Hussein (peace be upon him) with an arrow that lodged in his noble jaw. He (peace be upon him) pulled out the arrow and extended his hand beneath his jaw until both his palms were filled with blood. Then he cast it away and said: O God, I complain to You of what is being done to the son of the daughter of Your Prophet. Then they cut al-Abbas off from him and surrounded him from every side until they killed him. The one who carried out his killing was Zayd ibn Warqa al-Hanafi and Hakim ibn al-Tufayl al-Sinbisi. So al-Hussein (peace be upon him) wept bitterly over his killing (2).
قال الشيخ المفيد والسيِّد وابن نما رحمهم الله : واشتدَّ العطش بالحسين ( عليه السلام ) فركب المسناة يريد الفرات ، والعباس ( عليه السلام ) أخوه بين يديه ، فاعترضه خيل ابن سعد فرمى رجل من بني دارم الحسين ( عليه السلام ) بسهم فأثبته في حنكه الشريف ، فانتزع ( عليه السلام ) السهم ، وبسط يده تحت حنكه ، حتى امتلأت راحتاه من الدم ، ثمَّ رمى به ، وقال : اللهم إنّي أشكو إليك ما يُفعل بابن بنت نبيِّك ، ثمَّ اقتطعوا العباس عنه وأحاطوا به من كل جانب حتى قتلوه ، وكان المتولّي لقتله زيد بن ورقاء الحنفي وحكيم بن الطفيل السنبسي ، فبكى الحسين ( عليه السلام ) لقتله بكاءً شديداً (2) .
The Sayyid said: Then al-Hussein (peace be upon him) summoned the people to single combat, and he did not cease slaying every one who came out against him until he killed a great number, and amid that he was saying:
قال السيِّد : ثمَّ إنَّ الحسين ( عليه السلام ) دعا الناس إلى البراز فلم يزل يقتل كل من برز إليه حتى قتل مقتلة عظيمة وهو في ذلك يقول :
1 ـ الاحتجاج ، الطبرسي : 2/25.
2 ـ اللهوف ، ابن طاووس : 69 ـ 70 ، الإرشاد ، المفيد : 2/109 ـ 110.
(402)
Killing is better than riding the path of shame,
and shame is better than entering the Fire.
القتل أولى من ركوب العار
والعار أولى من دخول النار
Sayyid Ibn Tawus, may mercy be upon him, said: Some of the narrators said: By God, I never saw one overwhelmed by foes—whose son, household, and companions had been killed—more steadfast of heart than he. Indeed, the men would press hard upon him, and he would press upon them with his sword, and they would scatter from him as goats scatter when the wolf presses among them. He would charge among them after they had numbered a thousand, and they would flee before him as though they were scattered locusts. Then he would return to his position, saying: There is no power and no strength except in God, the Most High, the Most Great (1).
قال السيد ابن طاووس عليه الرحمة : قال بعض الرواة : فوالله ما رأيت مكثوراً قط قد قُتل ولدُه وأهل بيته وصحبه أربطَ جأشاً منه ، وإن كانت الرجال لتشدُّ عليه فيشدُّ عليها بسيفه ، فتنكشف عنه انكشاف المعزى إذا شدَّ فيها الذئب ، ولقد كان يحمل فيهم وقد تكمَّلوا ألفاً فينهزمون بين يديه كأنهم الجراد المنتشر ، ثمَّ يرجع إلى مركزه وهو يقول : لا حول ولا قوَّة إلاَّ بالله العليِّ العظيم (1) .
Ibn Shahr Ashub and Muhammad ibn Abi Talib said: He continued to fight until he had killed one thousand nine hundred and fifty men, apart from the wounded. So Umar ibn Sa'd said to his people: Woe to you! Do you know whom you are fighting? This is the son of the one with the bald forehead and the full belly; this is the son of the slayer of the Arabs! Charge upon him from every side! And the archers were four thousand, so they shot him with arrows, and stood between him and his encampment (2).
قال ابن شهر آشوب ومحمد بن أبي طالب : ولم يزل يقاتل حتى قتل ألف رجل وتسعمائة رجل وخمسين رجلا سوى المجروحين ، فقال عمر بن سعد لقومه : الويل لكم ، أتدرون لمن تقاتلون ؟ هذا ابن الأنزع البطين ، هذا ابن قتّال العرب ، فاحملوا عليه من كل جانب ، وكانت الرماة أربعة آلاف ، فرموه بالسهام ، فحالوا بينه وبين رحله (2) .
Muhammad ibn Abi Talib, the author of al-Manaqib, and the Sayyid, may mercy be upon them, said: He cried out to them: Woe to you, O followers of the family of Abu Sufyan! If you have no religion, and you do not fear the Day of Return, then at least be free men in your worldly affairs, and return to your noble lineages if you are truly Arabs. So Shimr called out to him, saying: What do you say, O son of Fatima? He said: I say: I am the one who fights you and whom you fight, and the women bear no guilt. So restrain your insolent ones from molesting my womenfolk while I live. Shimr said: That is yours. Then Shimr cried out: Keep away from the man's womenfolk, and aim at him himself, for by my life he is a noble and worthy match.
قال محمد بن أبي طالب وصاحب المناقب والسيِّد عليهم الرحمة : فصاح بهم : ويحكم يا شيعة آل أبي سفيان! إن لم يكن لكم دين ، وكنتم لا تخافون المعاد ، فكونوا أحراراً في دنياكم ، وارجعوا إلى أحسابكم إذ كنتم أعراباً ، فناداه شمر فقال : ما تقول يا ابن فاطمة ؟ قال : أقول : أنا الذي أقاتلكم وتقاتلوني ، والنساء ليس عليهنّ جناح ، فامنعوا عتاتكم عن التعرُّض لحرمي مادمت حيّاً ، فقال شمر : لك هذا ، ثمَّ صاح شمر : إليكم عن حرم الرجل ، فاقصدوه في نفسه ، فلعمري لهو كفوٌ كريم.
He said: So the people aimed at him, while he, throughout this, sought a drink of water. Whenever he charged on his horse toward the Euphrates, they would charge upon him all together until they drove him away from it (3).
قال : فقصده القوم وهو في ذلك يطلب شربة من ماء ، فكلَّما حمل بفرسه على الفرات حملوا عليه بأجمعهم حتى أحلّوه عنه (3) .
1 ـ اللهوف ، ابن طاووس : 70 ومثله في تاريخ الطبري : 4/345.
2 ـ مناقب آل أبي طالب ، ابن شهر آشوب : 4/110.
3 ـ اللهوف ، ابن طاووس : 71.
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He said: Aim at me with myself, and leave my womenfolk;
my hour has come, and its signs have appeared.
قَالَ اقْصدُوني بنفسي وَاتْرُكُوا حُرَمِي
قَدْ حَانَ حَيْنِي وَقَدْ لاَحَتْ لَوَائِحُهُ
How excellent are the words of Sheikh Ja'far al-Khatti, may mercy be upon him, when he says:
ولله درّ الشيخ جعفر الخطي عليه الرحمة إذ يقول :
And none remained but the unique one of mankind, alone,
enduring from his enemies what he endured.
Defending behind the pure ones, struggling—
may my family and I ransom that defending struggler.
Neither my ear nor the ear of any listener has heard
of one more steadfast than he in combat, though he was alone,
until the thrusting and striking made his soul flow forth,
and he fell, as one descending to the earth in prostration.
Alas for him, while the horses pass over him,
their hooves dyed with his blood, coming and going.
What youth was there over whose body the horses of Umayya
galloped and raced?
And the greatest thing is that Shimr had upon
the ribs of the breast of the Prophet's grandson his seat.
May his hands wither, when he slashed with his sword
the one to whom were entrusted all keys.
Indeed, a slain one whose limbs Shimr severed
is the noblest of the lost, mourned by one bereft (1).
وَلَمْ يَبْقَ إلاَّ وَاحِدُ الناسِ واحداً
يُكَابِدُ مِنْ أَعْدَائِهِ مَا يُكَابِدُ
يُحَامي وَرَاءَ الطاهراتِ مجاهداً
بِأَهلي وَبِي ذاك المحامي المجاهِدُ
وَلاَ سِمِعَتْ أُذْنِي وَلاَ أُذْنُ سَامِع
بِأَثْبَتَ منه في اللِّقَا وهو وَاحِدُ
إلَى أَنْ أَسَالَ الطَّعْنُ وَالضَّرْبُ نَفْسَهُ
فَخَرَّكُمَا يَهْوِي إلى الأرضِ سَاجِدُ
فَلَهْفِي لَهُ والخيلُ منهنَّ صَادِرٌ
خَضِيْبُ الحَوَامي مِنْ دِمَاهُ وَوَارِدُ
فَأَيُّ فَتَىً ظَلَّت خُيُولُ أُمَيَّة
تُعَادِي عَلَى جُثَْمانِهِ وَتُطَارِدُ
وَأَعْظَمُ شيء أَنَّ شِمْرَاً لَهُ عَلَى
جَنَاجِنِ صَدْر ابنِ النبيِّ مَقَاعِدُ
فَشُلَّتْ يَدَاه حين يَفْرِي بِسَيْفِهِ
مُقَلَّدَ مَنْ تُلْقَى إليه المَقَالِدُ
وَإَنَّ قتيلا مَيَّزَ الشِّمْرُ شِلْوَهُ
لأَكْرَمُ مفقود يُبَكِّيهِ فَاقِدُ (1)
Muhammad ibn Shahr Ashub said: Abu Mikhnaf narrated, on the authority of al-Juludi, that al-Hussein (peace be upon him) charged upon al-A'war al-Sulami and Amr ibn al-Hajjaj al-Zubaydi, who were among four thousand men at the watering place, and he forced his horse into the Euphrates. When the horse lowered its head to drink, he (peace be upon him) said: You are thirsty and I am thirsty—by God, I will not taste the water until you drink. When the horse heard the words of al-Hussein (peace be upon him), it raised its head and did not drink, as though it understood the words. So al-Hussein (peace be upon him) said: Then I will drink. And al-Hussein (peace be upon him) extended his hand and scooped some water, when a horseman said: O Abu Abdullah! Do you take pleasure in drinking water while your womenfolk are being violated? So he shook the water from his hand, and charged upon the people, and scattered them, and behold, the tent was safe (2).
قال محمد بن شهر آشوب : روى أبو مخنف عن الجلودي أن الحسين ( عليه السلام ) حمل على الأعور السلمي وعمرو بن الحجاج الزبيدي ، وكانا في أربعة آلاف رجل على الشريعة ، وأقحم الفرس على الفرات ، فلمّا أولغ الفرس برأسه ليشرب قال ( عليه السلام ) : أنت عطشان وأنا عطشان ، والله لاذقت الماء حتى تشرب ، فلمّا سمع الفرس كلام الحسين ( عليه السلام ) شال رأسه ولم يشرب كأنّه فهم الكلام ، فقال الحسين ( عليه السلام ) : فأنا أشرب ، فمدَّ الحسين ( عليه السلام ) يده فغرف من الماء ، فقال فارس : يا أبا عبدالله! تتلذَّذ بشرب الماء وقد هُتكت حُرمك ؟ فنفض الماء من يده ، وحمل على القوم ، فكشفهم فإذا الخيمة سالمة (2) .
They denied him the water of the Euphrates and its drinking-place,
while his father is the giver of drink at the Pool on the Day of Reckoning.
مَنَعُوه من مَاءِ الفُرَاتِ وَوِرْدِهِ
وأبوه ساقي الحوضِ يَوْمَ جَزَاءِ
1 ـ شعراء القطيف ، الشيخ علي المرهون : 1/14 ، رياض المدح والرثاء : 28.
2 ـ مناقب آل أبي طالب ، ابن شهر آشوب : 4/5.
(404)
Until he died of thirst, just as the enemies desired,
at the hands of those who were neither lions nor his equals.
حَتَّى قَضَى عطشاً كما اشتهت العِدَى
بِأَكُفِّ لاَ صِيْد وَلاَ أَكْفَاءِ
How excellent are the words of Sayyid Muhammad Hussein al-Qazwini, may mercy be upon him, when he says:
ولله درّ السيِّد محمد حسين القزويني عليه الرحمة إذ يقول :
The refuser of injustice returned amid his foes,
his helper the cutting blade and the swift colt—
a youth before whom the seven heavens tremble when
his ten fingers cast the thunderbolt of decrees.
When the night of battle-dust grew dark, he drew his sword,
and from the radiance of its lightning a dawn split forth.
He makes it drink, like molten silver, from their skulls,
and it returns from them dyed gold with blood.
When his spear strings the kernels of hearts,
the sword scatters them upon the necks of his foes.
The odd is no longer odd when the blades clash,
and the even is no longer even when the brown lances intertwine (1).
وَعَادَ أَبيُّ الضَّيْمِ بينَ عِدَاتِهِ
وَنَاصِرُهُ الْبَتَّارُ وَالأَرنُ الْمُهْرُ
فَتَىً تَرْجُفُ السَّبْعُ الطِّبَاقُ إذَا رَمَتْ
بِصَاعِقَةِ الأقْدَارِ أَنْمُلُهُ الْعَشْرُ
إِذَا جَنَّ لَيْلُ النَّقْعِ جَرَّدَ سَيْفَهُ
فَيَنْشَقُّ فيه مِنْ سَنَا بَرْقِهِ فَجْرُ
وَيُوْرِدُهُ مِثْلَ اللُّجَيْنِ بِهَامِهِمْ
فَيَصْدُرُ عَنْهَا وَهُوَ مِنْ عَلَق تِبْرُ
إِذَا نَظَمَتْ حَبَّ القُلُوبِ قَنَاتُهُ
فللسيفِ في أَعْنَاقِ أَعْدَائِهِ نَثْرُ
فَلاَ الوِتْرُ وِتْرٌ حينَ تَقْتَرِعُ الظُّبا
وَلاَ الشَّفْعُ شَفْعٌ حين تَشْتَبِكُ السُّمْرُ (1)
Abu al-Faraj al-Isbahani said: Humayd ibn Muslim said: Al-Hussein (peace be upon him) began seeking water, while Shimr was saying to him: By God, you will not reach it until you reach the Fire. And a man said to him: Do you not see the Euphrates, O Hussein, as though it were the bellies of fish? By God, you will not taste it until you die of thirst. So al-Hussein (peace be upon him) said: O God, cause him to die of thirst. He said: By God, that man would later say: Give me water to drink! And water would be brought to him, and he would drink until it overflowed from his mouth, then he would say: Give me water! Thirst has killed me. And he remained thus until he died—may God curse him (2).
قال أبو الفرج الإصبهاني : قال حميد بن مسلم : وجعل الحسين ( عليه السلام ) يطلب الماء وشمر يقول له : والله لا ترده أو ترد النار ، فقال له رجل : ألا ترى إلى الفرات ـ يا حسين ـ كأنه بطون الحيتان ، والله لا تذوقه أو تموت عطشاً ، فقال الحسين ( عليه السلام ) : اللهم أمته عطشاً ، قال : والله لقد كان هذا الرجل يقول : اسقوني ماء ، فيؤتى بماء فيشرب حتى يخرج من فيه ، ثم يقول : اسقوني ، قتلني العطش ، فلم يزل كذلك حتى مات لعنه الله (2) .
They said: Then a man from the people—surnamed Abu al-Hatuf al-Ju'fi—shot him with an arrow, and the arrow lodged in his forehead. He pulled it out from his forehead, and the blood streamed down over his face and beard. So he (peace be upon him) said: O God, You see what I suffer at the hands of these disobedient servants of Yours. O God, count them by number, and slay them utterly, and leave not a single one of them upon the face of the earth, and never forgive them.
قالوا : ثمَّ رماه رجل من القوم ـ يكنّى أبا الحتوف الجعفي ـ بسهم ، فوقع السهم في جبهته ، فنزعه من جبهته فسالت الدماء على وجهه ولحيته ، فقال ( عليه السلام ) : اللهم إنّك ترى ما أنا فيه من عبادك هؤلاء العصاة ، اللهم أحصهم عدداً ، واقتلهم بدداً ، ولا تذر على وجه الأرض منهم أحداً ، ولا تغفر لهم أبداً.
Then he charged upon them like an enraged lion, and he would not reach any of them but that he pierced him with his sword and killed him, while the arrows struck him from every direction, and he warded them off with his throat and his chest. He said: O wicked nation!
ثمَّ حمل عليه كالليث المغضب ، فجعل لا يلحق منهم أحداً إلاَّ بعجه بسيفه فقتله ، والسهام تأخذه من كل ناحية ، وهو يتّقيها بنحره وصدره ، ويقول : يا أمَّة
1 ـ مثير الأحزان ، الجواهري : 115.
2 ـ مقاتل الطالبيين ، أبو الفرج الإصفهاني : 78.
(405)
How evil a successor you have been to Muhammad concerning his offspring! Indeed, you will never kill a servant of God's servants after me and fear to kill him; rather, it will be made easy upon you to kill, by your killing of me. And by God, I hope that my Lord will honor me with martyrdom through your degradation, then He will take vengeance for me upon you from where you do not perceive.
السوء! بئسما خلفتم محمداً في عترته ، أما إنكم لن تقتلوا بعدي عبداً من عباد الله فتهابوا قتله ، بل يهون عليكم عند قتلكم إياي ، وأيم الله إني لأرجو أن يكرمني ربّي بالشهادة بهوانكم ، ثم ينتقم لي منكم من حيث لا تشعرون.
He said: So al-Husayn ibn Malik al-Sakuni cried out to him, saying: O son of Fatima! And with what will He take vengeance for you upon us? He said: He will cast strife among you, and shed your blood, then He will pour upon you the painful torment. Then he did not cease fighting until great wounds befell him.
قال : فصاح به الحصين بن مالك السكوني ، فقال : يا ابن فاطمة وبماذا ينتقم لك منّا ؟ قال : يلقي بأسكم بينكم ، ويسفك دماءكم ، ثم يصبُّ عليكم العذاب الأليم ، ثم لم يزل يقاتل حتى أصابته جراحات عظيمة.
The author of al-Manaqib and the Sayyid said: until seventy-two wounds had befallen him (1). And Ibn Shahr Ashub said: Abu Mikhnaf said: on the authority of Ja'far ibn Muhammad ibn Ali (peace be upon them), who said: We found upon al-Hussein thirty-three spear-thrusts and thirty-four sword-strikes. And al-Baqir (peace be upon him) said: Al-Hussein (peace be upon him) was struck, and upon him were found three hundred and some twenty wounds—from a spear-thrust, a sword-strike, or an arrow-shot (2). And it is narrated: three hundred and sixty wounds. And it is said: thirty-three strikes apart from the arrows. And it is said: one thousand nine hundred wounds. And the arrows in his armor were like thorns in the skin of a hedgehog, and it is narrated that they were all in his front (peace be upon him) (3).
وقال صاحب المناقب والسيِّد : حتّى أصابته اثنتان وسبعون جراحة (1) ، وقال ابن شهر آشوب : قال أبو مخنف : عن جعفر بن محمد بن علي ( عليهم السلام ) قال : وجدنا بالحسين ثلاثاً وثلاثين طعنة وأربعاً وثلاثين ضربة ، وقال الباقر ( عليه السلام ) : أصيب الحسين ( عليه السلام ) ووجد به ثلاث مائة وبضعة وعشرون طعنة برمح ، وضربة بسيف ، أورمية بسهم (2) ، وروي : ثلاثمائة وستون جراحة ، وقيل : ثلاث وثلاثون ضربة سوى السهام ، وقيل : ألف وتسعمائة جراحة ، وكانت السهام في درعه كالشوك في جلد القنفذ ، وروي أنها كانت كلها في مقدمه ( عليه السلام ) (3) .
Ibn al-Arandas, may mercy be upon him, said:
قال ابن العرندس عليه الرحمة :
He scattered the assembly of the people until they were
like weakling birds whose flock the falcon had dispersed.
He reminded them of the night of growling, so the dogs
gathered upon the mighty lion, snarling.
There the righteous ransomed him with their souls,
whose reward is multiplied on the Day of Reckoning.
And they turned away from the unbelievers, willingly, to aid him,
and al-Hurr of Sa'd gave generously of his soul for him.
They extended toward him supple, hardened lances—
for the prolonging of the grandson's life, in their reach was its ebbing.
فَفَرَّقَ جَمْعَ القومِ حتّى كأنَّهم
طُيُورُ بُغاث شَتَّ شَمْلَهُمُ الصَّقْرُ
فَأَذْكَرَهُمْ ليلَ الهريرِ فَأَجْمَعَ
الكلابُ على اللَّيْثِ الْهِزَبْرِ وَقَدْ هَرُّوا
هُنَاكَ فَدَتْهُ الصَّالِحونَ بِأنْفُس
يُضَاعَفُ في يومِ الحِسَابِ لها الأَجْرُ
وَحادُوا عَنِ الكُفَّارِ طَوْعاً لِنَصْرِهِ
وَجَادَ لَهُ بالنفسِ مِنْ سعدِهِ الحُرُّ
وَمَدُّوا إليه ذُبَّلا سَمْهَرِيَّةً
لِطُولِ حَيَاةِ السِّبْطِ في مَدِّها جَزْرُ
1 ـ اللهوف ، السيد ابن طاووس : 71.
2 ـ الأمالي ، الصدوق : 228 ح1.
3 ـ راجع : مناقب آل أبي طالب ، ابن شهر آشوب : 3/258 و114.