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of us, so they took our right while not recognizing any right for us. This is how we have come to be — since you do not know how we have come to be. He said: I thought he intended for those in the house to hear.(1)
منّا ، فأصبحوا يأخذون بحقّنا ، ولا يعرفون لنا حقا ، فهكذا أصبحنا إذ لم تعلم كيف أصبحنا ، قال : فظننت أنه أراد أن يسمع من في البيت (1) .
In the narration of Sayyid Ibn Tawus, may God have mercy on him, he said: Zayn al-Abidin (peace be upon him) went out one day walking through the markets of Damascus, and al-Minhal ibn Amr met him and said: How have you fared this evening, O son of the Messenger of God? He said: We have come to be like the Children of Israel under the family of Pharaoh, who slaughtered their sons and spared their women. O Minhal, the Arabs have come to boast over the non-Arabs that Muhammad is an Arab, and Quraysh has come to boast over the rest of the Arabs that Muhammad is from among them, while we, the people of his household, have come to be plundered, killed, and driven from our homes. So to God we belong and to Him we return, for what we have come to endure, O Minhal. And how well Mihyar al-Daylami, may God have mercy on him, spoke when he said:
وفي رواية السيّد ابن طاووس عليه الرحمة قال : خرج زين العابدين ( عليه السلام ) يوماً يمشي في أسواق دمشق فاستقبله المنهال بن عمرو ، فقال له : كيف أمسيت يا ابن رسول الله ؟ قال : أمسينا كمثل بني إسرائيل في آل فرعون ، يذبِّحون أبناءهم ويستحيون نساءهم ، يا منهال ، أمست العرب تفتخر على العجم بأن محمداً عربي ، وأمست قريش تفتخر على سائر العرب بأن محمداً منها ، وأمسينا معشر أهل بيته ونحن مغصوبون مقتولون مشرَّدون ، فإنّا لله وإنّا إليه راجعون مما أمسينا فيه يا منهال ، ولله درّ مهيار الديلمي عليه الرحمة حيث يقول :
They exalt for him the wood of his pulpit,
yet beneath their feet they cast his children.
By what judgment do his sons follow you,
while your boast is that you are merely his companions, his followers?(2)
يُعَظِّمُونَ له أعوادَ مِنْبَرِهِ
وتحت أَرْجُلِهِم أولادَهُ وَضَعوا
بأيِّ حكم بنوه يَتْبَعُونكُمُ
وَفَخْرُكم أنكم صَحْبٌ له تَبَعُ (2)
It is narrated from Imam Muhammad al-Baqir (peace be upon him) that he said: May God not preserve (the right) of this nation, for it did not preserve the right of its Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) regarding his family. Indeed, by God, had they left the truth to its people, no two would have disagreed about God Almighty. And he (peace be upon him) recited, saying:
وروي عن الإمام محمد الباقر ( عليه السلام ) أنه قال : لا رعى الله ( حقَّ ) هذه الأمة ، فإنها لم ترع حقَّ نبيها ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) في أهله ، أما والله لو تركوا الحقَّ لأهله لما اختلف في الله تعالى اثنان ، وأنشد ( عليه السلام ) يقول :
Indeed the Jews, out of love for their prophet,
were secured against the calamities of the ages.
And the people of the cross, out of love for their cross,
walk proudly through the villages of Najran.
While the believers, out of love for the family of Muhammad,
are cast across the horizons into the flames.(3)
إنَّ اليهودَ لِحُبِّهم لنبيِّهم
أَمِنُوا بَوَائِقَ حَادِثِ الأزمانِ
وذوو الصليبِ بحبِّهم لصليبِهِمْ
يمشون زَهْواً في قُرَى نَجْرَانِ
والمؤمنون بحبِّ آلِ محمَّد
يُرْمَون في الآفاقِ بالنيرانِ (3)
1 ـ الطبقات الكبرى ، ابن سعد : 5/219 ، تاريخ مدينة دمشق ، ابن عساكر : 41/396.
2 ـ اللهوف في قتلى الطفوف ، ابن طاووس : 112.
3 ـ كتاب الإمام ، الإسكندراني : 5/301 ، ينابيع المودة ، القندوزي : 3/42.
ورواها أيضاً ابن عقيل في العتب الجميل ، وروى البيت الثاني هكذا :
|
وذووا الصليبِ بحبِّ عيسى أصبحوا
|
|
يمشون زهواً في رُبَى نَجْرَانِ
|
العتب الجميل ، ابن عقيل : 137 ، ينابيع المودة : 3/249.
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It is narrated from Imam Ja'far ibn Muhammad al-Sadiq (peace be upon them both) that he said: Preserve regarding us what the righteous servant preserved regarding the two orphans for the sake of their righteous father — and he was the seventh ancestor. Yet this nation has wasted the right of the Messenger of God (peace be upon him and his family) by killing his children.(1)
وروي عن الإمام جعفر بن محمد الصادق ( عليهما السلام ) أنه قال : احفظوا فينا ما حفظ العبد الصالح في اليتيمين لأبيهما الصالح ، وكان الجدَّ السابع ، وقد ضيَّعت هذه الأمة حقَّ رسول الله ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) بقتل أولاده (1) .
It is narrated that Imam al-Sadiq (peace be upon him) stood concealed in secret, watching the litters upon which Abdullah ibn al-Hasan and his family were carried in chains and irons from Medina to Iraq. When they passed by him he wept and said (peace be upon him): The Ansar and the sons of the Ansar did not keep faith with the Messenger of God (peace be upon him and his family). He had taken their pledge to protect Muhammad and his sons, his family, and his descendants just as they protect themselves, their sons, their families, and their descendants — yet they did not keep faith. O God, intensify Your grip upon the Ansar.(2)
ويروى أنه وقف الإمام الصادق ( عليه السلام ) مستتراً في خفية ، يشاهد المحامل التي حمل عليها عبدالله بن الحسن وأهله في القيود والحديد من المدينة إلى العراق ، فلمَّا مرّوا به بكى ، وقال ( عليه السلام ) : ما وفت الأنصار ولا أبناء الأنصار لرسول الله ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) ، بايعهم على أن يمعنوا محمداً وأبناءه وأهله وذرّيّته مما يمنعون منه أنفسهم وأبناءهم وأهلهم وذراريهم فلم يفوا ، اللهم اشدد وطأتك على الأنصار (2) .
Mansur al-Numayri said, concerning the injustice done to the people of the household (peace be upon them):
وقال منصور النمري في ظلامة أهل البيت ( عليهم السلام ) :
The family of the Prophet and those who love them
shrink down in fear of being killed.
The Christians and the Jews are secure,
while they, from the nation of monotheism, are in distress.(3)
آلُ النبيِّ وَمَنْ يُحِبُّهُمُ
يتطامنون مَخَافَةَ القَتْلِ
أَمِنَ النَّصَارى واليهودُ وَهُمْ
من أُمَّةِ التوحيدِ في أَزْلِ (3)
These two verses were recited to al-Rashid after Mansur's death, and al-Rashid — after he had sent someone to kill him only to find that he had already died — said: I had resolved to disinter his bones and burn them.(4) And in Tabaqat al-Shu'ara it is said: After al-Rashid heard al-Numayri's praises of the people of the household (peace be upon them), he ordered Abu Isma al-Shi'i to set out at once for al-Raqqa, to draw Mansur's tongue out from the back of his neck, to cut off his hand and foot, then to strike his neck, and to bring him his head after crucifying his body. So Abu Isma set out for that, and when he reached the gate of al-Raqqa, the funeral procession of al-Numayri met him. He returned to al-Rashid and informed him, and al-Rashid said to him: Woe upon you, O son of the immoral woman! When you found him dead, why did you not
وقد أُنشد الرشيد هذين البيتين بعد موت منصور هذا ، فقال الرشيد ـ بعد أن أرسل إليه من يقتله فوجده قد مات ـ : لقد هممت أن أنبش عظامه فأحرقها (4) . وقال في طبقات الشعراء : إن الرشيد بعد سماعه لمدائح النمري في أهل البيت ( عليهم السلام ) أمر أبا عصمة الشيعي بأن يخرج من ساعته إلى الرقّة ، ليسلَّ لسان منصور من قفاه ، ويقطع يده ورجله ، ثمَّ يضرب عنقه ، ويحمل إليه رأسه ، بعد أن يصلب بدنه ، فخرج أبو عصمة لذلك ، فلمَّا صار بباب الرقة استقبلته جنازة النمري ، فرجع إلى الرشيد فأعلمه ، فقال له الرشيد : ويلي عليك يا ابن الفاعلة ، فألا إذا صادفته ميتاً
1 ـ مقتل الحسين ( عليه السلام ) ، الخوارزمي : 2/115 ح 47.
2 ـ شرح نهج البلاغة ، ابن أبي الحديد : 6/44 ـ 45 ، عن مقاتل الطالبيين ، الإصبهاني : 149.
3 ـ زهر الآداب وثمر الألباب ، القيرواني : 2/6.
4 ـ زهر الآداب هامش المستطرف : 1/2 ، الشعر والشعراء : 547 ، طبقات الشعراء : 246.
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burn him with fire!(1)
فأحرقته بالنار! (1) .
Ibn Abi al-Hadid al-Mu'tazili also narrated, saying: When Khalid ibn Abdullah al-Qasri was appointed governor of Mecca — and when he gave sermons there he would curse Ali, al-Hasan, and al-Husayn (peace be upon them) — Ubaydullah ibn Kathir al-Sahmi, having grasped the covering of the Ka'ba, said:
وروى ابن أبي الحديد المعتزلي أيضاً قال : لما ولي خالد بن عبدالله القسري مكة ـ وكان إذا خطب بها لعن علياً والحسن والحسين ( عليهم السلام ) ـ فقال عبيدالله بن كثير السهمي وقد أخذ بأستار الكعبة :
May God curse whoever reviles Ali
and Husayn, whether commoner or imam.
Shall those of purest lineage be reviled,
the noble of fathers and of uncles?
The birds and the doves find safety,
yet the family of the Messenger find none at the sacred site.
You were goodly as a house, and your people are goodly as a household,
the household of the Prophet and of Islam.
The mercy of God and peace be upon them
whenever one rises to give greeting.(2)
لعن اللهُ من يسبُّ علياً
وحسيناً من سوقة وإمامِ
أيُسَبُّ المطهَّرون جُدُوداً
والكِرَامُ الآباءِ والأعمامِ
يَأمَنُ الطيرُ والحَمَامُ وَلاَ يأ
مَنُ آلُ الرسولِ عندَ المَقَامِ
طِبْتَ بيتاً وطاب أهلُكَ أهلا
أَهْلُ بيتِ النبيِّ والإسلام
رحمةُ اللهِ والسلامُ عليهم
كلَّما قام قائمٌ بسلامِ (2)
And he said, when they reproached him for his love of the people of the household (peace be upon them):
وقال حين عابوه على محبَّته لأهل البيت ( عليهم السلام ) :
Indeed, a man whose only fault has become
love of the Prophet is a man without sin —
and of the sons of Abu Hasan and their father,
those pure in the wombs and the loins.
Is it counted a sin that I love them?
Nay, love of them is the atonement of sin.(3)
إِنَّ امرءاً أَمْسَتْ مَعَايبُهُ
حبَّ النبيِّ لَغَيْرُ ذي ذَنْبِ
وبني أبي حسن وَوالِدِهم
مَنْ طَابَ في الأَرحامِ والصُّلْبِ
أَيُعَدُّ ذنباً أنْ أحبَّهُمُ
بل حُبُّهم كَفَّارَةُ الذنبِ (3)
Al-Abi narrated, with his chain of transmission, from Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Muthanna, who said: Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan was giving a sermon, and when he reached the part of admonition, a man from the family of Suhan rose up to him and said: Gently, gently! You command but do not obey, you forbid but do not refrain, you admonish but are not admonished. Are we to follow your conduct toward yourselves? Or are we to obey what your tongues command? If you say: Follow our conduct — then how? And in what way? And what is the proof? And what aid is there from God in following the conduct of oppressors, the corrupt, the tyrannical, the treacherous, who have taken God's wealth as a private fortune passed among themselves, and His servants as slaves? And if you say: Accept our counsel and obey our command — then how
وروى الآبي بإسناده عن عبدالرحمن بن المثنى ، قال : خطب عبدالملك بن مروان ، فلما بلغ إلى العِظة قام إليه رجل من آل صوحان فقال : مهلا مهلا ، تأمرون فلا تأتمرون ، وتنهون ولا تنتهون ، وتعظون ولا تتعظون ، أفنقتدي بسيرتكم في أنفسكم ؟ أم نطيع أمركم بألسنتكم ؟ فإن قلتم : اقتدوا بسيرتنا فأنَّى ؟ وكيف ؟ وما الحجّة ؟ وما النصير من الله باقتداء سيرة الظلمة الفسقة الجورة الخونة الذين اتخذوا مال الله دولا ، وعبيده خولا ؟ وإن قلتم : اقبلوا نصيحتنا ، وأطيعوا أمرنا ، فكيف
1 ـ طبقات الشعراء : 244.
2 ـ شرح النهج ، ابن أبي الحديد : 15/256 ، العتب الجميل ، ابن عقيل : 147 ، كتاب الحيوان ، الجاحظ : 3/194.
3 ـ البيان والتبيين ، الجاحظ : 3/359.
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can one who deceives himself give sincere counsel to another? Or how can obedience be obligatory to one whose justice has not been established before God? And if you say: Take wisdom from wherever you find it, and accept admonition from whomever you hear it — then why have we entrusted you with our affairs, and given you authority over our blood and our wealth?
ينصح لغيره من يغشّ نفسه ؟ أم كيف تجب الطاعة لمن لم تثبت له عند الله عدالته ؟ وإن قلتم : خذوا الحكمة من حيث وجدتموها ، واقبلوا العظة ممن سمعتموها ، فعلام ولَّيناكم أمرنا ، وحكَّمناكم في دمائنا وأموالنا ؟
Do you not know that among us are those more eloquent than you in tongues, and more articulate in admonition? So step aside from it first — release its tether, free its path, that the family of the Messenger (peace be upon them) may hasten toward it,(1) those whom you have driven through the lands and scattered through every valley. Rather, it remains in your hands because the appointed term has not yet passed, the respite has not yet run its course, and the trial is grave. Indeed, for everyone who rises there is a measure he cannot exceed, a day he cannot step beyond, and a Book that follows him: "It leaves out nothing small or great but has enumerated it."(2) "And those who have done wrong will come to know by what overturning they will be overturned."(3) He said: Then the man sat down, and was sought after but could not be found.(4)
أما علمتم أن فينا من هو أنطق منكم باللغات ، وأفصح بالعظات ، فتحلحلوا عنها أولا ، فأطلقوا عقالها ، وخلّوا سبيلها ، يبتدر إليها (1) آل الرسول ( عليهم السلام ) ، الذين شرَّدتموهم في البلاد ، وفرّقتموهم في كل واد ، بل تثبت في أيديكم لانقضاء المدّة ، وبلوغ المهلة ، وعظم المحنة ، إن لكل قائم قدراً لا يعدوه ، ويوماً لا يخطوه ، وكتاباً بعده يتلوه « لاَ يُغَادِرُ صَغِيرَةً وَلاَ كَبِيرَةً إِلاَّ أَحْصَاهَا » (2) « وَسَيَعْلَمُ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا أَىَّ مُنقَلَب يَنقَلِبُونَ » (3) قال : ثم أجلس الرجل فطلب فلم يوجد (4) .
Ibn al-Rumi, may God have mercy on him, said concerning the injustice done to the people of the household (peace be upon them):
وقال ابن الرومي عليه الرحمة في ظلامة أهل البيت ( عليهم السلام ) :
O you people, long has been your harm
to the family of the Messenger of God — so fear or hope!
In every age, must the Prophet Muhammad have
a pure slain one stained with blood?
أَلاَ أيُّهذا الناسُ طال ضريرُكُمْ
بآلِ رسولِ اللهِ فاخشوا أو ارتجوا
أكُلَّ أوان للنبيِّ محمَّد
قتيلٌ زكيٌّ بالدماءِ مضرَّجُ
until he said:
إلى أن قال :
O sons of the Chosen One, how long will people devour your flesh,
while your affliction shall soon be relieved?
Is there not among them one who heeds the right of his Prophet,
or one who fears his Lord and holds back in scruple?(5)
بني المصطفى كم يأكُلُ الناسُ شِلْوَكم
وبلواكُمُ عمَّا قليل تفرَّجُ
أما فيهِمُ راع لحقِّ نبيِّه
ولا خائفٌ من ربِّه يتحرَّجُ (5)
Musa ibn Dawud al-Sulami recited for his father, lamenting al-Husayn, the master of Fakhkh, and those killed
وأنشد موسى بن داود السلمي لأبيه يرثي الحسين صاحب فخ ومن قتل
1 ـ في نهاية الإرب : ينتدب إليها.
2 ـ سورة الكهف ، الآية : 49.
3 ـ سورة الشعراء ، الآية : 227.
4 ـ نثر الدّر ، الآبي : 5/203 ـ 204 ، نهاية الإرب النويري : 7/249 ، ورواها أيضاً الشيخ المفيد عليه الرحمة في كتابه الأمالي : 280.
5 ـ مقاتل الطالبيين ، أبو الفرج الإصبهاني : 646.
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O eye, weep with flowing tears,
for you have seen what the sons of Hasan endured —
slain at Fakhkh, the wind dragging
its hems over them, with the early morning rains of clouds,
until the bones decayed; had Muhammad
witnessed them, he would have defended them, and they would not have been humbled.
What will they say — those who passed before them
in enmity, hatred, and malice?
What will they say if the Prophet asks them:
What did you do to us in times past?
Neither the people of Mudar protected nor were angered,
nor Rabi'a, nor the tribes of Yemen.
Woe to them — how did they not honor any sanctity for them,
when the elephant honored the right of the House with its corner?(1)
يا عينُ إبكي بدمع منكِ مُنْهَمِر
فقد رأيتِ الذي لاقى بنو حَسَنِ
صَرْعَى بفخٍّ تجرُّ الريحُ فوقَهُمُ
أذيالَها وغوادي الدُّلَّجِ المُزُنِ
حتى عَفَت أَعْظُمٌ لو كان شَاهَدَها
محمَّدٌ ذبَّ عنها ثُمَّ لم تَهُنِ
ماذا يقولون والماضون قَبْلَهُمُ
على العداوةِ والبغضاءِ والإِحَنِ
ماذا يقولون إنْ قال النبيُّ لهم
ماذا صنعتم بنا في سَالِفِ الزمنِ
لا الناسُ من مُضَر حَامَوا ولا غَضِبوا
ولا ربيعةُ والأحياءُ من يَمَنِ
يا ويحَهُمْ كيف لم يرعوا لهم حُرُماً
وقد رعى الفيلُ حَقَّ البيتِ ذي الرُّكُنِ (1)
Likewise, the one who loved the family of the household (peace be upon them) in those days was not safe from the ruler for himself or his children, nor was he safe from the censure of those who marched in the train of the oppressors. So many of those who loved the people of the household (peace be upon them) were forced to conceal their love and loyalty, lest they be exposed to harm and injustice. Whoever was known in those days for his loyalty to the people of the household (peace be upon them) could be saved only by concealment, or disguise, or flight to where the pursuit could not follow him — otherwise he would be exposed to killing or harm. Al-Kumayt, may God have mercy on him, said:
وكذلك أصبح محبُّ آل البيت ( عليهم السلام ) آنذاك لا يأمن على نفسه وولده من السلطان ، ولا يسلم أيضاً من عذل أولئك الذين ساروا في ركاب الظلمة ، فاضطرّ الكثير من محبّي أهل البيت ( عليهم السلام ) أن يخفي حبَّه وولاءه حتى لا يتعرَّض للأذى والجور ، فمن عُرف يومئذ بولائه لأهل البيت ( عليهم السلام ) لا ينجيه إلاَّ التستُّر ، أو التنكُّر ، أو الهرب إلى حيث لا يتبعه الطلب ، وإلاَّ سوف يتعرَّض للقتل أو الأذى ، قال الكميت عليه الرحمة :
Do you not see that, out of love for the family of Muhammad,
I go forth and come back fearful, on the watch,
as if I were a criminal who committed an offense, as if I,
because of them, guard against the disgrace as one with mange?
For what crime, or by what conduct,
am I rebuked for praising them, and reproached?(2)
ألم تَرَني من حُبِّ آلِ محمَّد
أروحُ وأغدو خائفاً أَتَرَقَّبُ
كأنيَ جَان مُحْدِثٌ وكأنني
بهم أتّقي من خشيةِ العارِ أجربُ
على أيِّ جرم أم بأيَّةِ سيرة
أُعَنَّفُ في تقريظِهِمْ وأُؤَنَّبُ (2)
Abu al-Qasim al-Rassi ibn Ibrahim ibn Tabataba, Isma'il al-Dibaj, said when he fled from al-Mansur to Sindh:
وقال أبو القاسم الرسي بن إبراهيم بن طباطبا ، إسماعيل الديباج ، عندما هرب من المنصور إلى السند :
The tyranny did not quench him with the blood it spilled of ours
in every land — he did not fall short in the pursuit,
لَمْ يُرْوِهِ مَا أَرَاقَ البغيُ من دَمِنَا
في كلِّ أرض فَلَمْ يَقْصُرْ من الطلبِ
1 ـ مقاتل الطالبيين ، أبو الفرج الإصبهاني : 306 ـ 307.
2 ـ أدب الشيعة ، الدكتور عبد الحسيب حميدة : 259.
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and nothing heals the burning in his breast save
that he see upon it no son of the Prophet's daughter remaining.(1)
وليس يشفي غليلا في حَشَاه سوى
أَنْ لاَ يُرَى فوقها ابنُ بنتِ نبي (1)
And al-Tughra'i says, among verses of his:
ويقول الطغرائي في جملة أبيات له :
And whenever a Muslim befriends the family of Ahmad,
they kill him or brand him with apostasy.(2)
ومتى تولَّى آلَ أحمدَ مُسْلِمٌ
قتلوه أو وَصَمُوه بالإلحادِ (2)
The Fifth Gathering, of the Eighth Day
The Marriage of Fatima to Ali (peace be upon them)
Ibn Shahrashub, may God have mercy on him, said in al-Manaqib: It is well known in the authentic collections, with reliable chains of transmission, that Abu Bakr and Umar proposed to the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) for Fatima (peace be upon her) time after time, but he turned them away, saying: She is young. So they approached Ali (peace be upon him) and said: O Abu al-Hasan, if only you would go to the Messenger of God (peace be upon him and his family) and mention Fatima (peace be upon her) to him. So Ali (peace be upon him) went until he entered upon the Messenger of God (peace be upon him and his family). When he proposed for her, the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) brightened and his face beamed, and he said: Welcome and greetings. It was said to Ali (peace be upon him): One of these two from the Messenger of God (peace be upon him and his family) suffices you: he gave you the family (the bride) and gave you the welcome. Then he said: O Ali, do you have anything with which I may marry you to her? He said: My condition is not hidden from you; I have a horse, a mule, a sword, and a coat of mail. He (peace be upon him and his family) said: Sell the coat of mail. Then he said: Rejoice, O Ali, for God has married you to her in the heavens before I marry you to her on earth, and indeed an angel came to me and said: Rejoice, O Muhammad, at the joining together and the purity of offspring. I said: What is your name? He said: Nastail, one of those entrusted with the pillars of the Throne. I asked God for this glad tiding, and Gabriel is right behind me.
قال ابن شهر آشوب عليه الرحمة في المناقب : اشتهر في الصحاح بالأسانيد المعتبرة أن أبا بكر وعمر خطبا إلى النبي ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) فاطمة ( عليها السلام ) مرّة بعد أخرى فردَّهما ، وقال : إنّها صغيرة ، فأقبلا إلى علي ( عليه السلام ) وقالا : يا أبا الحسن ، لو أتيت رسول الله ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) فذكرت له فاطمة ( عليها السلام ) فأقبل علي ( عليه السلام ) حتى دخل على رسول الله ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) ، فلما خطبها هشَّ وبشَّ النبيّ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) في وجهه ، وقال : مرحباً وأهلا ، فقيل لعلي ( عليه السلام ) : يكفيك من رسول الله ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) إحداهما : أعطاك الأهل وأعطاك الرحب ، ثمَّ قال : يا علي ، ألك شيء أزوّجك منها ؟ فقال : لا يخفى عليك حالي ، إن لي فرساً وبغلا وسيفاً ودرعاً ، فقال ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) : بع الدرع ، ثمَّ قال : أبشر يا علي ، فإن الله قد زوَّجك بها في السماء قبل أن أزوِّجكها في الأرض ، ولقد أتاني ملك وقال : أبشر يا محمد باجتماع الشمل وطهارة النسل ، قلت : وما اسمك ؟ قال : نسطائيل ، من موكّلي قوائم العرش ، سألت الله هذه البشارة ، وجبرئيل على أثري.
In another narration he (peace be upon him and his family) said: While I was sitting, an angel descended upon me — until he said: He said: I am Mahmud; God has sent me to marry the light to the light. I said: Whom to whom? He said: Fatima to
وفي رواية أخرى قال ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) : بينما أنا جالس إذ هبط عليَّ ملك ـ إلى أن قال : فقال : أنا محمود بعثني الله أن أزوِّج النور من النور قلت : من بمن ؟ قال : فاطمة من
1 ـ النزاع والتخاصم ، المقريزي : 144.
2 ـ أدب الشيعة ، الدكتور عبدالحسيب حميدة : 259.
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Ali. When the angel turned away, there was written between his shoulders: "Muhammad is the Messenger of God; Ali is his successor." I said: Since when has this been written between your shoulders? He said: From twenty-two thousand years before God created Adam. O Ali, while I was sitting, the trustworthy Gabriel descended bearing some of the spikenard of Paradise and its cloves. I took them, held them, and smelled them, and I said: What is the reason for this spikenard and these cloves? He said: God commanded the dwellers of Paradise among the angels and those within it to adorn all the gardens with their plantings, trees, fruits, and palaces, and He commanded its breeze, so it blew with all kinds of fragrance and perfume, and He commanded its wide-eyed houris to recite within it the surahs of Ta-Ha, Ya-Sin, the Ta-Sins, Ha-Mim, and Ayn-Sin-Qaf. Then a caller called out from beneath the Throne: Behold, today is the day of the wedding feast of Ali. Behold, I call you to witness that I have married Fatima to Ali, out of My pleasure with each of them for the other. So forty thousand angels witnessed her marriage; the guardian was God, the orator was Gabriel, the announcer was Michael, the inviter was Israfil, the scatterer was Azrael, and the witnesses were the angels.
علي ، فلمّا ولى المَلَك إذا بين كتفيه ( محمَّد رسول الله ، عليٌّ وصيّه ) فقلت : مُذ كم كُتب هذا بين كتفيك ؟ قال : من قبل أن يخلق الله آدم باثنين وعشرين ألف عام ، يا علي فبينما أنا جالس إذ هبط الأمين جبرئيل ومعه من سنبل الجنة وقرنفلها فتناولتهما وأخذتهما وشممتهما فقلت : ما سبب هذا السنبل والقرنفل ؟ قال : إن الله أمر سكان الجنة من الملائكة ومن فيها أن يزيِّنوا الجنان كلَّها بمغارسها وأشجارها وثمارها وقصورها ، وأمر ريحها فهبَّت بأنواع العطر والطيب ، وأمر حور عينها بالقراءة فيها بسورة ( طه ويس وطواسين وحم وعسق ) ثم نادى مناد من تحت العرش : ألا إن اليوم يوم وليمة علي ، ألا إني أشهدكم أني قد زوَّجت فاطمة من عليّ رضىً منّي بعضهما لبعض ، فأشهد على تزويجها أربعين ألف ملك ، وكان الولي الله ، والخطيب جبرئيل ، والمنادي ميكائيل ، والداعي إسرافيل ، والناثر عزرائيل ، والشهود الملائكة.
Al-Humaydi said:
قال الحميدي :
The Majestic set up for Gabriel a pulpit
in the shade of Tuba, of slabs of chrysolite.
The noble angels witnessed it, and their Lord,
and they and their Lord suffice as witnesses.
And Tuba scattered upon them pearls,
and emeralds in succession, unstrung.
نَصَبَ الجليلُ لجبرئيل منبراً
في ظلِّ طوبى من مُتُونِ زَبَرْجَدِ
شَهِدِ الملائكةُ الكِرَامُ وَرَبُّهم
وَكَفَى بهم وبربِّهم من شُهَّدِ
وَتَناثَرَتْ طوبى عليهم لؤلؤاً
وَزُمُرُّداً متتابعاً لم يُعْقَدِ
In one narration: The orator was an angel called Rahil, and it is mentioned in some books that he gave the sermon in the Frequented House before a gathering of the people of the seven heavens, saying: Praise be to God, the First before the firstness of the first ones, the Remaining after the perishing of all the worlds. We praise Him, for He made us spiritual angels, submitting to His Lordship, grateful to Him for what He has bestowed upon us. He has veiled us from sins, and covered us from defects, and settled us in the heavens, and brought us near to the pavilions, and barred from us greed for desires, and made our craving and desire to be in His sanctification and glorification — the One who spreads His mercy, the Bestower of His favor, exalted above the heresy of the people of the earth among the polytheists, and far above, in His greatness, the slander
وفي رواية : كان الخطيب مَلكاً يقال له راحيل ، وجاء في بعض الكتب أنه خطب في البيت المعمور في جَمع من أهل السماوات السبع فقال : الحمد لله الأول قبل أولية الأولين ، الباقي بعد فناء العالمين ، نحمده إذ جعلنا ملائكة روحانيين ، وبربوبيّته مذعنين ، وله على ما أنعم علينا شاكرين ، حجبنا من الذنوب ، وسترنا من العيوب ، أسكننا في السماوات ، وقرَّبنا إلى السرادقات ، وحجب عنا النهم للشهوات ، وجعل نهمتنا وشهوتنا في تقديسه وتسبيحه ، الباسط رحمته ، الواهب نعمته ، جلَّ عن إلحاد أهل الأرض من المشركين ، وتعالى بعظمته عن إفك
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of the heretics. Then he said, after some words: The Almighty King has chosen, for the elect of His honor and the servant of His greatness, the mistress of the women, the daughter of the best of the prophets, the master of the messengers, and the leader of the God-fearing, and He has joined her bond with the bond of a man from his household, the one who confirmed his call, who hastened to his word: Ali the joined, with Fatima the Chaste, daughter of the Messenger (peace be upon him and his family). Then God, blessed and exalted, said: Praise is My cloak, and greatness is My pride, and all creation are My male and female servants. I have married Fatima My maidservant to Ali My chosen one. Bear witness, O My angels.
الملحدين ، ثم قال بعد كلام : اختار الملك الجبار صفوة كرمه ، وعبد عظمته ، لأمته سيِّدة النساء ، بنت خير النبيين ، وسيِّد المرسلين ، وإمام المتقين ، فوصل حبله بحبل رجل من أهله ، المصدِّق دعوته ، المبادر إلى كلمته ، علي الوصول ، بفاطمة البتول ، ابنة الرسول ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) ، ثم قال الله تبارك وتعالى : الحمد ردائي ، والعظمة كبريائي ، والخلق كلهم عبيدي وإمائي ، زوَّجت فاطمة أمتي من علي صفوتي ، اشهدوا ملائكتي.
Al-Humaydi said:
قال الحميدي :
And God married him to the pure Fatima
in the shade of Tuba, a witnessed assembly.
The angels there were as numerous as the pebbles,
Gabriel addressing them about her, joyful,
praying for him and for her, and his prayer
for them both was ever of good, remembered,
until, when the orator finished, Tuba
successively rained down scattered pearls,
pouring down rubies upon them once,
and pouring pearls another time, and bits of gold.
So you see the women of the houris seizing it,
houris guided thereby toward the houris.
واللهُ زوَّجه الزكيَّةَ فاطماً
في ظِلِّ طوبى مشهداً محضورا
كان الملائكُ ثَمَّ في عَدَدِ الحصى
جبريلُ يَخْطُبُهم بها مسرورا
يدعو له ولها وكان دعاؤه
لهما بخير دائماً مذكورا
حتَّى إذا فَرِغَ الخطيبُ تَتَابَعَتْ
طوبى تُسَاقِطُ لؤلؤاً منثورا
وتُهيلُ ياقوتاً عليهم مرَّةً
وتُهِيلُ درّاً تارةً وشُذُورا
فترى نِسَاءَ الحُوْرِ يَنْتَهِبُونَهُ
حوراً بذلك يهتدين الحورا
And God Almighty revealed to the tree of Tuba: Scatter upon them pearls and rubies. So the wide-eyed houris hastened toward it, gathering it in trays of pearl and ruby, and they exchange it among themselves as gifts until the Day of Resurrection. They would exchange it and say: This is the gift of the best of women. So whoever took more of it that day than his companion, or finer, would boast of it over his companion until the Day of Resurrection.
وأوحى الله تعالى إلى شجرة طوبى أن انثري عليهم الدرّ والياقوت فابتدرن إليه الحور العين يلتقطن في أطباق الدرّ والياقوت ، وهنّ يتهادينه بينهن إلى يوم القيامة ، وكانوا يتهادون ويقولون : هذه تحفة خير النساء ، فمن أخذ منه يومئذ شيئاً أكثر من صاحبه أو أحسن افتخر به على صاحبه إلى يوم القيامة.
Then God Almighty commanded Ridwan, the keeper of the gardens, and he shook the tree of Tuba, and it bore slips of paper — that is, certificates — numbering as many as those who love the people of the household, and He brought forth from beneath it angels of light, and handed to each angel a certificate of release from the Fire. So when the Resurrection is set up with its people, the angels will call out among the creatures: Behold, whoever loves Fatima (peace be upon her), let him hasten and take from the scatterings of Fatima's wedding! And no lover will remain but the angel will hand him a certificate containing his release from the Fire. Then He sent a white cloud
ثمّ أمر الله تعالى رضوان خازن الجنان فهزَّ شجرة طوبى ، فحملت رقاعاً ـ يعني صكاكاً ـ بعدد محبي أهل البيت ، وأنشأ من تحتها ملائكة من نور ، ودفع إلى كل ملك صكاً براءة من النار ، فإذا استوت القيامة بأهلها نادت الملائكة في الخلائق : ألا فمن كان محباً لفاطمة ( عليها السلام ) فليبادر ، وليأخذ من نثار زفاف فاطمة ، فلا يبقى محبّ إلاَّ ودفع إليه المَلَك صكاً فيه فكاكه من النار ، ثم أرسل سحابة بيضاء
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that rained upon the people of the gardens pearls, rubies, chrysolite, and coral. So the wide-eyed houris hastened and gathered them in trays of pearl and ruby, and they exchange them among themselves as gifts until the Day of Resurrection, boasting and saying: This is from the scatterings of the wedding of Fatima, mistress of the women (peace be upon her).
فقطرت على أهل الجنان من اللؤلؤ والياقوت والزبرجد والمرجان ، فابتدرن الحور العين فالتقطن في أطباق الدرّ والياقوت ، وهن يتهادين بينهن إلى يوم القيامة ، ويتفاخرن ويقلن : هذا من نثار زفاف فاطمة سيّدة النساء ( عليها السلام ).
Some scholars said: In the time of the father of our Shaykh al-Baha'i, a pearl was found behind Kufa, upon which these two verses were inscribed:
قال بعض العلماء : ولقد وجد في زمان والد شيخنا البهائي درّة في ظهر الكوفة مكتوب عليها هذان البيتان :
I am a pearl from the heavens — they scattered me
on the day of the wedding of the father of the two grandsons.
I was purer than silver in whiteness,
then the blood of the slaughter of al-Husayn dyed me.
أنا درٌّ من السَّمَا نثروني
يومَ تزويج وَالِدِ السبطينِ
كنت أصفى من اللُّجَينِ بياضاً
صَبَغَتني دِمَاءُ نَحْرِ الحسينِ
The narrator said: Gabriel said: O Muhammad, marry Fatima to Ali ibn Abi Talib, for God has approved her for him and approved him for her. Ali (peace be upon him) said: So the Messenger of God (peace be upon him and his family) married me to her in the presence of his companions, after he commanded me to deliver the sermon and said: Speak as an orator for yourself. So Ali (peace be upon him) delivered a sermon, then said: This Messenger of God (peace be upon him and his family) has married me his daughter Fatima for five hundred dirhams, and I have accepted, so ask him and bear witness.
قال الراوي قال جبرئيل : يا محمد ، زوِّج فاطمة من علي بن أبي طالب ، فإن الله قد رضيها له ورضيه لها ، قال علي ( عليه السلام ) : فزوِّجني منها رسول الله ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) في محضر صحابته بعد ما أمرني بإنشاد الخطبة وقال : تكلَّم خطيباً لنفسك ، فخطب علي ( عليه السلام ) بخطبة ثمَّ قال : هذا رسول الله ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) زوَّجني ابنته فاطمة على خمسمائة درهم ، وقد رضيت فاسألوه واشهدوا.
The Messenger of God (peace be upon him and his family) said: I have married you my daughter Fatima for what the Most Merciful married you, and I am pleased with what God is pleased with for her. So take your wife, for you are more worthy of her than I. How excellent a brother you are, how excellent a son-in-law you are, how excellent a companion you are, and God's pleasure suffices you as pleasure. So Ali (peace be upon him) fell prostrate in thanks to God, saying: "My Lord, enable me to be grateful for Your favor which You have bestowed upon me," to the end of the verse. He (peace be upon him) said: Then he came to me and took my hand and said: Rise and say: In the name of God, and upon the blessing of God, and what God wills, and there is no power nor strength except in God; I have placed my trust in God. Then he brought me until he seated me beside her, and said: O God, indeed they are the most beloved of Your creation to me, so love them and bless their offspring, and appoint over her a guardian from Yourself, and indeed I seek Your protection for them both and their offspring from the accursed Satan. Then the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) ordered a tray of fresh dates and ordered that it be snatched up...
فقال رسول الله ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) : قد زوَّجتك ابنتي فاطمة على ما زوَّجك الرحمن ، وقد رضيت بما رضي الله لها ، فدونك أهلك ، فإنك أحقّ بها مني ، فنعم الأخ أنت ، ونعم الختن أنت ، ونعم الصاحب أنت ، وكفاك برضى الله رضاً ، فخرَّ علي ( عليه السلام ) ساجداً شكراً لله ، وهو يقول : « رَبِّ أَوْزِعْنِي أَنْ أَشْكُرَ نِعْمَتَكَ الَّتِي أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيَّ » الآية ، قال ( عليه السلام ) : ثم أتاني وأخذ بيدي فقال : قم وقل : بسم الله وعلى بركة الله ، وما شاء الله ، ولا حول ولا قوّة إلاَّ بالله ، توكَّلت على الله ، ثمَّ جاء بي حتى أقعدني عندها ، وقال : اللهم إنهما أحبُّ خلقك إليَّ ، فأحبَّهما وبارك في ذريتهما ، واجعل عليها منك حافظاً ، وإني أعيذهما بك وذريتهما من الشيطان الرجيم ، ثمَّ أمر النبي ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) بطبق بسر ، وأمر بنهبه..
Ali (peace be upon him) said: So I remained after that for a month, praying with the Messenger of God (peace be upon him and his family) and returning to
قال علي ( عليه السلام ) : فأقمت بعد ذلك شهراً أصلّي مع رسول الله ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) ، وأرجع إلى
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my house, never mentioning anything of the matter of Fatima (peace be upon her). Then the wives of the Messenger of God (peace be upon him and his family) said: Shall we not request from the Messenger of God that Fatima be brought to you? I said: Do so. So they entered upon him, and Umm Ayman said: O Messenger of God, had Khadija been alive, her eye would have been gladdened by the wedding of Fatima, and indeed Ali wishes for his wife, so gladden the eye of Fatima with her husband, and gather her household together, and gladden our eyes by that. He said: What keeps Ali from asking me for his wife? We had been expecting that from him.
منزلي ، ولا أذكر شيئاً من أمر فاطمة ( عليها السلام ) ، ثم قلن أزواج رسول الله ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) : ألا نطلب لك من رسول الله دخول فاطمة عليك ، فقلت : افعلن ، فدخلن عليه فقالت أم أيمن : يا رسول الله ، لو أن خديجة باقية لقرَّت عينها بزفاف فاطمة ، وإن علياً يريد أهله فقرَّ عين فاطمة ببعلها ، واجمع شملها ، وقرَّ عيوننا بذلك ، فقال : فما بال علي لا يطلب مني زوجته ؟ فقد كنا نتوقَّع ذلك منه.
Ali (peace be upon him) said: I said: Shyness prevents me, O Messenger of God. So he (peace be upon him and his family) turned to the women and said: Who is here? Umm Salama said: I am Umm Salama, and this is Zaynab, and this is so-and-so. So the Messenger of God (peace be upon him and his family) said: Prepare a chamber in my house for my daughter and my cousin. Umm Salama said: In which chamber, O Messenger of God? He (peace be upon him and his family) said: In your chamber. Then the Prophet ordered that they prepare the wedding feast, and ordered the wheat to be ground and baked, and ordered Ali (peace be upon him) to slaughter the cattle and the sheep. The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) would butcher, yet no trace of blood was seen upon his hand. When they finished cooking, the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) ordered that it be called out atop his house: Answer the Messenger of God — and that was in accordance with His Almighty saying: "And proclaim to the people the Hajj." So they answered from among the palm trees and the crops, and the leather mats were spread in the mosque, and the people came forth — they were more than four thousand men, and all the women of Medina — and they took from it what they wished, yet nothing of the food decreased. Then they returned on the second day and ate, and on the third day and ate. Then the Messenger of God (peace be upon him and his family) called for the bowls, and they were filled, and he sent them to the dwellings of his wives. Then he took a bowl and said: This is for Fatima and her husband, and he ordered his wives to adorn her and prepare her affair.
قال علي ( عليه السلام ) : فقلت : الحياءُ يمنعني يا رسول الله ، فالتفت ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) إلى النساء فقال : مَنْ ها هنا ؟ فقالت أم سلمة : أنا أم سلمة ، وهذه زينب ، وهذه فلانة ، فقال رسول الله ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) : هيِّئوا لابنتي وابن عمي في بيتي حجرة ، فقالت أم سلمة : في أي حجرة يا رسول الله ؟ فقال ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) : في حجرتك ، فأمر النبي أن يهيِّئوا طعام العرس ، وأمر بطحن البر وخبزه ، وأمر علياً ( عليه السلام ) بذبح البقر والغنم ، فكان النبي ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) يفصل ولم يُر على يده أثر دم ، فلمّا فرغوا من الطبخ أمر النبي ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) أن يُنادى على رأس داره : أجيبوا رسول الله ، وذلك لقوله تعالى : « وَأَذِّنْ فِي النَّاسِ بِالْحَجِّ » فأجابوا من النخلات والزروع ، فبسط النطوع في المسجد ، وصدر الناس وهم أكثر من أربعة آلاف رجل وسائر نساء المدينة ، ورفعوا منها ما أرادوا ، ولم ينقص من الطعام شيء ، ثمَّ عادوا في اليوم الثاني فأكلوا ، وفي اليوم الثالث فأكلوا ، ثم دعا رسول الله ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) بالصحاف فملئت ، ووجَّه إلى منازل أزواجه ، ثم أخذ صحفة وقال : هذه لفاطمة وبعلها ، وأمر نساءه أن يزينّها ويصلحن من شأنها.
Umm Salama said: I asked Fatima: Do you have any perfume you have saved for yourself? She said: Yes, and she brought a flask. I asked her about it, and she said: Dihya al-Kalbi used to come in to the Messenger of God and say to me: O Fatima, here is the cushion, set it down for your uncle. When he rose, something would fall from amid his garments, and he would order me to gather it. The Messenger of God (peace be upon him and his family) was asked about that, and he said: It is ambergris that falls from the wings of Gabriel. And she brought rose water. Umm Salama said: I asked her about it, and she said: This is the sweat
قالت أم سلمة : فسألت فاطمة : هل عندك طيب ادّخرتيه لنفسك ؟ قالت : نعم ، فأتت بقارورة ، فسألت عنها فقالت : كان دحية الكلبي يدخل على رسول الله فيقول لي : يا فاطمة ، ها الوسادة فاطرحيها لعمِّك ، فإذا نهض سقط من بين ثيابه شيء فيأمرني بجمعه فسئل رسول الله ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) عن ذلك فقال : هو عنبر يسقط من أجنحة جبرئيل ، وأتت بماء ورد. قالت أم سلمة : فسألت عنه فقالت : هذا عرق
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of the Messenger of God; I used to take it during the Prophet's (peace be upon him and his family) midday rest at my place.
رسول الله ، كنت آخذه عند قيلولة النبي ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) عندي.
Then Gabriel brought a garment whose value was the whole world, and when she put it on, the women of Quraysh were astonished by it and said: From where do you have this? She said: From God. When the night of the wedding came, the Prophet brought his grey she-mule, folded a coverlet upon it, and said to Fatima: Mount, and he ordered Salman to lead it, while the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) drove it from behind. While he was on part of the way, the Prophet heard a sound, and behold, it was Gabriel with seventy thousand angels, and Michael with seventy thousand angels. The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said: What has brought you down to the earth? They said: We have come to escort Fatima to Ali ibn Abi Talib. So Gabriel proclaimed "God is greatest," and Michael proclaimed "God is greatest," and the angels proclaimed "God is greatest," and the Prophet proclaimed "God is greatest." And so the proclamation of takbir over brides began from that night.
ثم إن جبرئيل أتى بحلّة قيمتها الدنيا ، فلما لبستها تحيرت نسوة قريش منها ، وقلن : من أين لك هذا ؟ قالت : من عند الله ، فلمَّا كانت ليلة الزفاف أتى النبي ببغلته الشهباء ، وثنى عليها قطيفة ، وقال لفاطمة : اركبي ، وأمر سلمان أن يقودها ، والنبي ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) يسوقها ، فبينما هو في بعض الطريق إذ سمع النبي وجبة ، فإذا هو جبرئيل في سبعين ألف ملك ، وميكائيل في سبعين ألف ملك ، فقال النبي ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) : ما أهبطكم إلى الأرض ؟ قالوا : جئنا نزفّ فاطمة إلى علي بن أبي طالب ، فكبَّر جبرئيل ، وكبَّر ميكائيل ، وكبَّرت الملائكة ، وكبَّر النبي ، فوقع التكبير على العرائس من تلك الليلة.
The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) was before her, Gabriel on her right, Michael on her left, and seventy thousand angels behind her, glorifying God and sanctifying Him until the dawn broke, and around her were seventy houris, while Hamza, Aqil, Ja'far, and the people of the household walked behind her. And the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) ordered the daughters of Abd al-Muttalib and the women of the Muhajirun and the Ansar to go in the company of Fatima, and to rejoice and chant, and to proclaim takbir and to praise. And Umm Salama began to say:
وكان النبي ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) أمامها ، وجبرئيل عن يمينها ، وميكائيل عن يسارها ، وسبعون ألف ملك من خلفها يسبِّحون الله ويقدّسونه حتى طلع الفجر ، وحولها سبعون حوراء ، وحمزة وعقيل وجعفر وأهل البيت يمشون خلفها ، وأمر النبي ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) بنات عبدالمطلب ونساء المهاجرين والأنصار أن يمضين في صحبة فاطمة ، ويفرحن ويرجزن ، ويكبِّرن ويحمدن ، وأنشأت أم سلمة تقول :
Walk on with the help of God, O my neighbors,
and thank Him in every state,
and remember what the Lord of the Most High has bestowed
in lifting away every dreaded thing and calamity.
For He guided us after disbelief, and indeed
the Lord of the heavens revived us,
and walk with the best of women of mankind,
ransomed with paternal and maternal aunts.
O daughter of him whom the Lord of the Most High favored
with revelation from Him and the messages.
سِرْنَ بعونِ اللهِ جاراتي
واشْكُرْنَهُ في كُلِّ حالاتِ
واذكُرْنَ ما أنعم ربُّ العلى
من كَشْفِ مكروه وآفاتِ
فَقَدْ هَدَانا بَعْدَ كُفْر وَقَدْ
أنعشنا ربُّ السماواتِ
وَسِرْنَ مَعْ خَيْرِ نِسَاءِ الوَرَى
تُفْدَى بعمَّات وَخَالاَتِ
يا بنتَ مَنْ فَضَّلَه ذو العلى
بالوحيِ منه والرِّسَالاتِ
Then A'isha said:
ثم قالت عائشة :
O women, veil yourselves with the head-coverings,
and remember what is fitting in gatherings,
and remember the Lord of the people, when He singled us out
with His religion, along with every grateful servant.
يا نسوةُ استترن بالمعاجرِ
واذكرْنَ مَا يَحْسُنُ في المحاضرِ
واذكرن ربَّ الناس إذ خصَّنا
بدينِهِ مَعْ كُلِّ عَبْد شَاكِرِ
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And praise be to God for His bounties,
and thanks be to God, the Mighty, the Able.
Walk with her, for God has exalted her remembrance,
and singled her out from Himself with a pure purity.
والحمدُ للهِ على أفضالِهِ
والشكرُ للهِ العزيزِ القَادِرِ
سِرْنَ بها فاللهُ أعلى ذِكْرَها
وخصَّها منه بِطُهْر طَاهِرِ
And Hafsa said:
وقالت حفصة :
Fatima is the best of the women of humankind,
and the one whose face is like the face of the moon.
God has favored you over all mankind
by the virtue of one singled out with the verse of al-Zumar.
God has married you to a virtuous youth,
I mean Ali, the best of those in the city.
So walk on with her, O my neighbors, for she is
noble, the daughter of one of great rank.
فاطمةٌ خَيْرُ نِسَاءِ البَشَرْ
وَمَنْ لها وَجْهٌ كَوَجْهِ القَمَرْ
فَضَّلَكِ اللهُ على كلِّ الورى
بِفَضْلِ مَنْ خُصَّ بآي الزَّمَرْ
زوَّجَكِ اللهُ فتىً فاضلا
أعني علياً خيرَ مَنْ في الحَضَرْ
فَسِرن جَارَاتي بها فإنها
كريمةٌ بنتُ عظيمِ الخَطَرْ
Then Mu'adha, the mother of Sa'd ibn Mu'adh, said:
ثم قالت معاذة أم سعد بن معاذ :
I speak words containing what they contain,
and I mention the good and make it manifest.
Muhammad is the best of the sons of Adam,
with no arrogance nor pride in him.
By his virtue he made known to us our right guidance,
so may God reward him with good.
And we are with the daughter of the Prophet of guidance,
the one of honor who has been firmly established in it,
upon a lofty summit whose root is firm,
and I see nothing that comes near it.
أقولُ قولا فيه ما فيهِ
وأذكُرُ الخيرَ وأُبديهِ
محمَّدٌ خيرُ بني آدم
مَافيه من كِبْر وَلاَتِيهِ
بفضلِهِ عرَّفنا رُشْدَنا
فاللهُ بالخيرِ يجازيهِ
ونحن مَعْ بنتِ نبيِّ الهدى
ذي شَرَف قد مُكِّنَتْ فيه
في ذروة شامخة أصلُها
فما أرى شيئاً يُدَانِيهِ
The women would repeat the first verse of each chant, then proclaim takbir, and they entered the house. Then the Messenger of God (peace be upon him and his family) sent for Ali (peace be upon him) and called him to the mosque, then called Fatima, and took Ali with his right hand and Fatima (peace be upon her) with his left, and gathered them to his breast, and kissed between their eyes, and handed Fatima over to Ali (peace be upon them), and said: O Ali, what an excellent wife I have married to you. Then he turned to Fatima and said: O Fatima, what an excellent husband is your husband. Then he rose, walking between them, until he brought them into their house that had been prepared for them, and placed Fatima's hand in Ali's hand, and said: O Abu al-Hasan, this is the trust of God and His Messenger with you, so be mindful of God and be mindful of me regarding her.
وكانت النسوة يرجعن أول بيت من كل رجز ، ثمَّ يكبِّرن ، ودخلن الدار ، ثم أنفذ رسول الله ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) إلى علي ( عليه السلام ) ، ودعاه إلى المسجد ، ثم دعا فاطمة ، وأخذ علياً بيمينه ، وأخذ فاطمة ( عليها السلام ) بشماله ، وجمعهما إلى صدره ، فقبَّل بين أعينهما ، ودفع فاطمة إلى علي ( عليهما السلام ) ، وقال : يا عليّ ، نعم الزوجة زوجتك ، ثمَّ أقبل على فاطمة ، وقال : يا فاطمة ، نعم البعل بعلك ، ثمَّ قام يمشي بينهما حتى أدخلهما بيتهما الذي هيِّىء لهما ، ووضع يد فاطمة في يد علي ، وقال : يا أبا الحسن ، هذه وديعة الله ورسوله عندك ، فاحفظ الله واحفظني فيها.
I say: It is the nature of a trust that it be returned to its people intact — yet the trust of the Messenger of God (peace be upon him and his family) was returned with her rib broken.
أقول : ومن شأن الوديعة أن تُردَّ إلى أهلها سالمة وردَّت وديعة رسول الله ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) وضلعها مكسور.
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The narrator said: Then he went out from them, took hold of the two doorposts, and said: May God purify you both and purify your offspring. I am at peace with whoever is at peace with you, and at war with whoever wars against you. I entrust you both to God and appoint Him as guardian over you. And when the morning of the wedding came, the Messenger of God (peace be upon him and his family) came in to them with a cup of milk and said to Fatima (peace be upon her): Drink, may your father be your ransom. Then he said to Ali (peace be upon him): Drink, may your cousin be your ransom.
قال الراوي : ثمَّ خرج من عندهما فأخذ بعضادتي الباب فقال : طهَّركما الله وطهَّر نسلكما ، أنا سلم لمن سالمكما ، وحرب لمن حاربكما ، أستودعكما الله وأستخلفه عليكم ، ولما كانت صبيحة العرس دخل رسول الله ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) عليهما بقدح من لبن ، فقال لفاطمة ( عليها السلام ) : اشربي فداك أبوك ، ثمَّ قال لعلي ( عليه السلام ) : اشرب فداك ابن عمك.
It is narrated from Asma bint Umays, who said: I heard my mistress Fatima say: On the night Ali ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon him) consummated marriage with me, something startled me from my bed, and I said: Are you startled, O mistress of the women of the worlds? She said: Yes, I heard the earth speaking to him and him speaking to it, and I awoke startled. So I told my father (peace be upon him and his family), and he prostrated a long prostration, then raised his head and said: O Fatima, rejoice at the goodly offspring, for God has favored your husband over the rest of His creation, and has commanded the earth to relate to him its news and what occurs upon its surface, from the east of the earth to its west.
وروي عن أسماء بنت عميس قالت : سمعت سيدتي فاطمة تقول : ليلة دخل بي علي بن أبي طالب ( عليه السلام ) أفزعني من فراشي ، فقلت : أفزعت يا سيدة نساء العالمين ؟ قالت : نعم ، سمعت الأرض تحدِّثه ويحدِّثها ، فأصبحت وأنا فزعة ، فأخبرت والدي ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) فسجد سجدة طويلة ، ثمَّ رفع رأسه وقال : يا فاطمة ، أبشري بطيب النسل ، فإن الله فضَّل بعلك على سائر خلقه ، وأمر الأرض أن تحدِّثه بأخبارها وما يجري على وجهها من شرق الأرض إلى غربها.
I say: Would that I knew — did the earth tell him that they would burn the door of his house, place the rope around his neck, and crush al-Zahra al-Batul (peace be upon her)? And did it tell him of the killing of his sons by poison and by slaying, and of his daughters being driven from Karbala to Kufa, and from Kufa to Syria?(1)
أقول : ليت شعري هل أخبرته الأرض بأنهم سوف يحرقون باب داره ، ويجعلون الحبل في عنقه ، ويعصرون الزهراء البتول ( عليها السلام ) ، وهل أخبرته بقتل أبنائه سماً وقتلا ، وتساق بناته من كربلاء إلى الكوفة ، ومن الكوفة إلى الشام (1) .
And how excellent are the words of Shaykh Salih al-Kawwaz al-Hilli, may God have mercy on him, when he says:
ولله درّ الشيخ صالح الكواز الحلي عليه الرحمة إذ يقول :
And harsher than all that befell every created being
is the one who said: The heart of Muhammad is grief-stricken.
For the scheming of Taym in misguidance after him
shall continue until the Gathering, never coming to rest.
In Yathrib a pledge of allegiance was concluded by which
debts were thereafter owed to polytheism from it.
By his ascent of the pulpit, in Karbala was a breast
trodden upon, and a brow stained with blood.
Had the miscarriage of Fatima's fetus not occurred,
no fetus would have been lost for her in Karbala.
And by the breaking of that rib, ribs were crushed
in whose folds the secret of God was kept guarded.
وأشدُّ ممَّا ناب كُلَّ مكوَّن
مَنْ قال قَلْبُ محمَّد محزونُ
فَحِرَاكُ تيم بالضلالةِ بَعْدَهُ
لِلْحَشْرِ لا يأتي عليه سُكُونُ
عُقِدَت بيثربَ بيعةٌ قُضِيْت بها
للشِّركِ منه بَعْدَ ذاك دُيُونُ
بِرُقيِّ منبرِهِ رُقِي في كربلا
صَدْرٌ وَضُرِّج بالدماءِ جبينُ
لولا سُقُوطُ جنينِ فاطمة لَمَا
أودي لها في كَرْبَلاَءَ جنينُ
وَبِكَسْرِ ذاك الضِّلْعِ رُضَّت أضلعٌ
في طَيِّها سِرُّ الإلهِ مَصُونُ
1 ـ شجرة طوبى ، الحائري : 2/249 ـ 255.
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And likewise Ali — his being led by his sword-belt;
so for him there is one led with binding as a companion.
And just as Fatima had a cry behind him,
so her daughters had a wailing behind the ailing one.
And by her being driven with the whips of Qunfudh,
backs were marked at al-Taff from driving them.
And by their cutting that arak tree before her,
a hand and a jugular vein were cut at Karbala.
But the carrying of the heads upon the spears
is more grievous — even if Siffin preceded it.
Each is the Book of God — but one is silent,
this one — while this other speaks and is manifest.(1)
وكذا عليٌّ قَوْدُه بِنِجَادِهِ
فله عليٌّ بالوِثَاقِ قرينُ
وكما لِفَاطِمَ رنَّةٌ من خَلْفِهِ
لَبَنَاتِها خَلْفَ العليلِ رنينُ
وبزَجْرِها بسياطِ قُنْفُذَ وُشِّحَتْ
بالطفِّ من زَجْر لَهُنَّ مُتُونُ
وبقَطْعِهِمْ تلك الأَرَاكَةَ دُوْنَها
قُطِعَت يدٌ في كربلا وَوَتِينُ
لكنَّما حَمْلُ الرُؤُوسِ على القَنَا
أدهى وَإِنْ سَبَقَتْ به صفّينُ
كلٌّ كتابُ اللهِ لكن صَامِتٌ
هذا وهذا نَاطِقٌ وَمُبينُ (1)
The First Gathering, of the Ninth Day
The Qualities of Ali al-Akbar (peace be upon him) and His Noble Attributes
It is stated in some of the noble visitations: O my masters, O family of the Messenger of God, indeed through you I draw near to God, the Mighty and Exalted, by opposing those who betrayed you, broke their pledge to you, denied your authority, rejected your station, threw off the bond of your obedience, abandoned the means of your love, drew near to their pharaohs by disavowing you and turning away from you, prevented you from establishing the prescribed limits, from uprooting denial, from mending the breach, gathering the scattered, sealing the gaps, straightening the crookedness, enforcing the rulings, refining Islam, and suppressing transgressions. They stirred up against you the dust of wars and tribulations, brandished against you the swords of malice, tore apart your veils, traded your khums for wine, and diverted the alms of the poor to entertainers and mockers.(2)
جاء في بعض الزيارات الشريفة : يا سادتي ، يا آل رسول الله ، إني بكم أتقرَّب إلى الله جلَّ وعلا ، بالخلاف على الذين غدروا بكم ، ونكثوا بيعتكم ، وجحدوا ولايتكم ، وأنكروا منزلتكم ، وخلعوا ربقة طاعتكم ، وهجروا أسباب مودّتكم ، وتقرَّبوا إلى فراعنتهم بالبراءة منكم ، والإعراض عنكم ، ومنعوكم من إقامة الحدود ، واستئصال الجحود ، وشعب الصدع ، ولمِّ الشَعَث ، وسدِّ الخلل ، وتثقيف الأود ، وإمضاء الأحكام ، وتهذيب الإسلام ، وقمع الآثام ، وأرهجوا عليكم نقع الحروب والفتن ، وأنحوا عليكم سيوف الأحقاد ، وهتكوا منكم الستور ، وابتاعوا بخمسكم الخمور ، وصرفوا صدقات المساكين إلى المضحكين والساخرين
(2) .
It is narrated from Abd al-Malik, from Abu Abdullah (peace be upon him), in a hadith of his, who said: Tasu'a is the day on which al-Husayn (peace be upon him) and his companions, may God be pleased with them, were besieged at Karbala, and the cavalry of the people of Syria gathered against him and encamped upon him, and Ibn Marjana and Umar ibn Sa'd rejoiced at the abundance and multitude of the cavalry, and on it they reckoned al-Husayn, may God's blessings be upon him, and his companions, may God be pleased with them, to be weak, and they became certain that no helper would come to al-Husayn (peace be upon him), and that the people of Iraq would not aid him — may my father be ransom for the oppressed stranger.(3)
روي عن عبد الملك عن أبي عبدالله ( عليه السلام ) في حديث له قال : تاسوعا يومٌ حوصر فيه الحسين ( عليه السلام ) وأصحابه رضي الله عنهم بكربلاء واجتمع عليه خيل أهل الشام وأناخوا عليه ، وفرح ابن مرجانة وعمر بن سعد بتوافر الخيل وكثرتها ، واستضعفوا فيه الحسين صلوات الله عليه وأصحابه رضي الله عنهم ، وأيقنوا أن لا يأتي الحسين ( عليه السلام ) ناصر ولا يمده أهل العراق ـ بأبي المستضعف الغريب ـ (3) .
And how excellent are the words of Sayyid Muhammad Husayn al-Qazwini, may God have mercy on him, when he says:
ولله درّ السيد محمد حسين القزويني عليه الرحمة إذ يقول :
1 ـ رياض المدح والرثاء ، الشيخ حسين القديحي : 152 ـ 153.
2 ـ المزار ، محمد بن المشهدي : 295 ـ 296.
3 ـ الكافي ، الكليني : 4/147 ح 7.
(300)
O Abu Hasan, a complaint to you — and indeed it is
burning sorrows with which the breast seethes.
Do you know what they faced of anguish and tribulation,
and what your radiant sons confronted at al-Taff?
I offer you condolences for them — indeed they descended into death
with hearts whose burning thirst no drop had moistened,
lying in the heat of the noonday in nakedness,
upon them the drifting winds dragging the dust.(1)
أبا حَسَن شكوى إليكَ وإنَّها
لَوَاعِج أشجان يجيشُ بها الصدرُ
أتدري بما لاَقَتْ من الكَرْبِ والبَلاَ
وما واجهت بالطفِّ أبناؤك الغُرُّ
أُعزّيك فيهم إنَّهم وَرَدُوا الردى
بأَفْئِدة مَابَلَّ غُلَّتَها قَطْرُ
وثاوين في حَرِّ الهجيرةِ بالعَرَى
عليهم سوافي الريحِ بالتُّرْبِ تَنْجرُّ (1)
It is stated in the noble narrations: Ali al-Akbar (peace be upon him) was the first of the family of Abu Talib (peace be upon him) to be slain on the day of Karbala. The historians narrated that al-Husayn (peace be upon him) named three of his sons by the name of his father, the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) — out of love for this name, which God Almighty selected over creation after the Messenger (peace be upon him and his family). They are: Ali ibn al-Husayn Zayn al-Abidin (peace be upon him),(2) Ali al-Akbar (peace be upon him), and Abdullah the nursing infant (peace be upon him), who is called Ali al-Asghar.(3)
جاء في الروايات الشريفة : كان علي الأكبر ( عليه السلام ) أول قتيل يوم كربلاء من آل أبي طالب ( عليه السلام ) ، وقد روى المؤرِّخون أن الحسين ( عليه السلام ) سمَّى ثلاثة من أولاده باسم أبيه أمير المؤمنين ( عليه السلام ) ـ حبّاً في هذا الاسم الذي انتجبه الله تعالى على الخلق بعد الرسول ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) ـ وهم : علي بن الحسين زين العابدين ( عليه السلام ) (2) ، وعلي الأكبر ( عليه السلام ) ، وعبدالله الرضيع ( عليه السلام ) ويسمَّى بعلي الأصغر (3) .
Shaykh al-Kulayni, may God have mercy on him, narrated from Abd al-Rahman ibn Muhammad al-Azrami, who said: Mu'awiya appointed Marwan ibn al-Hakam over Medina, and ordered him to assign stipends for the youths of Quraysh, so he assigned them. Ali ibn al-Husayn (peace be upon them) said: So I came to him, and he said: What is your name? I said: Ali ibn al-Husayn. He said: What is your brother's name? I said: Ali. He said: Ali and Ali?! Does your father wish to leave none of his children without naming him Ali? Then he assigned a stipend for me. So I returned to my father and told him, and he said: Woe upon me regarding the son of al-Zarqa, the tanner of hides! Had a hundred been born to me, I would love to name none of them other than Ali.(4)
وروى الشيخ الكليني عليه الرحمة ، عن عبدالرحمن بن محمد العزرمي قال : استعمل معاوية مروان بن الحكم على المدينة ، وأمره أن يفرض لشباب قريش ، ففرض لهم ، فقال علي بن الحسين ( عليهما السلام ) : فأتيته فقال : ما اسمك ؟ فقلت : علي بن الحسين ، فقال : ما اسم أخيك ؟ فقلت : علي ، قال : علي وعلي ؟! ما يريد أبوك أن يدع أحداً من ولده إلاَّ سمَّاه علياً ؟ ثم فرض لي ، فرجعت إلى أبي فأخبرته ، فقال : ويلي على ابن الزرقاء دبَّاغة الأدم ، لو ولد لي مائة لأحببت أن لا أسمّي أحداً منهم إلاّ علياً (4) .
The narrators differed concerning his noble age. Ibn Shahrashub and Muhammad ibn Abi
وقد اختلف الرواة في عمره الشريف ، فقال ابن شهر آشوب ومحمد بن أبي
1 ـ مثير الأحزان ، الجواهري : 116.
2 ـ قال الطبري : وأما علي بن الحسين الأكبر ( عليه السلام ) فقتل مع أبيه بنهر كربلاء ، وشهد علي بن الحسين الأصغر مع أبيه كربلاء وهو ابن ثلاث وعشرين سنة ، وكان مريضاً نائماً على فراش ( المنتخب من ذيل المذيل ، الطبري : 119 ).
3 ـ معالي السبطين ، الحائري : 1/422.
4 ـ الكافي ، الكليني : 6/19 ح 7.